Abstract
Engineered nanomaterial manufacturing and usage have been increasing in commercial products. There were 1814 nanotechnological consumer products available in the market in March 2015. Nanomaterials can accumulate, transform and increase in concentrations in biological systems. Nanomaterials offer many benefits over traditional materials, yet their small size also increases their toxicity. Bioaccumulation of nanomaterials begins with nanoparticle accumulation in the organism, then biomagnification follows in the predatory organism. Biotransformation is the last stage, whereby the chemical concentration of toxins in the organism exceeds that in the environment. Here, we review the interaction of nanomaterials with biological substances. It has been observed that the effects of nanomaterials begin at the bottom of the food chain and move all the way through the human body. We have summarized the mechanisms of interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the environment.
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Uddin, M.N., Desai, F. & Asmatulu, E. Engineered nanomaterials in the environment: bioaccumulation, biomagnification and biotransformation. Environ Chem Lett 18, 1073–1083 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00947-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00947-0