Impact of heavy metals and nanoparticles on aquatic biota

Kahlon, Sharanjeet Kaur; Sharma, Gaurav; Julka, J. M.; Kumar, Amit; Sharma, Shweta; Stadler, Florian J.

doi:10.1007/s10311-018-0737-4

Impact of heavy metals and nanoparticles on aquatic biota

Review
Published: 23 April 2018

Volume 16, pages 919–946, (2018)
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Environmental Chemistry Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Sharanjeet Kaur Kahlon¹,
Gaurav Sharma ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5010-1710^2,3,4,
J. M. Julka¹,
Amit Kumar^2,3,4,
Shweta Sharma² &
…
Florian J. Stadler³

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Abstract

Human activities such as industrialisation, urbanisation and agriculture have adversely impacted terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Water pollutants such as heavy metals and nanoparticles can undergo bioaccumulation and bioaugmentation. Heavy metals cannot be degraded and are hence added permanently. Nanoparticles are a potential threat because of their small size and unique properties. This article reviews the impact of various pollutants on aquatic biota and presents remediation methods. Benthic macroinvertebrates can be used as bioindicators to study the impact of pollutants on aquatic ecosystems. Fishes occupy the highest trophic level in the aquatic food chain and can therefore accumulate large amounts of metal from water, ultimately leading to biomagnification. Some organic compounds such as pesticides and fungicides are carcinogenic and sometimes resistant to degradation.

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Abbreviations

DO:: Dissolved oxygen
EPT:: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera
BOD:: Biochemical oxygen demand
COD:: Chemical oxygen demand
USEPA:: United States Environment Protection Agency
POPs:: Persistent organic pollutants
NP:: Nanoparticle
MRG:: Metal-rich granules
MTLP:: Metallothionein-like protein
MDA:: Malondialdehyde
ROS:: Reactive oxygen species

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School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
Sharanjeet Kaur Kahlon & J. M. Julka
School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
Gaurav Sharma, Amit Kumar & Shweta Sharma
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People’s Republic of China
Gaurav Sharma, Amit Kumar & Florian J. Stadler
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People’s Republic of China
Gaurav Sharma & Amit Kumar

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Sharanjeet Kaur Kahlon
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Gaurav Sharma
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J. M. Julka
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Amit Kumar
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Kahlon, S.K., Sharma, G., Julka, J.M. et al. Impact of heavy metals and nanoparticles on aquatic biota. Environ Chem Lett 16, 919–946 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-0737-4

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Received: 02 January 2018
Accepted: 03 April 2018
Published: 23 April 2018
Issue Date: September 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-018-0737-4

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Impact of heavy metals and nanoparticles on aquatic biota

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Impact of heavy metals and nanoparticles on aquatic biota

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Water Pollutants: Sources and Impact on the Environment and Human Health

Worldwide cases of water pollution by emerging contaminants: a review

Microplastic pollution in riverine ecosystems: threats posed on macroinvertebrates

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