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High adsorption of dyes by water hyacinth fixed on alginate

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Abstract

Pollution from synthetic dyes has emerged to be a significant environmental issue over the past few decades. This has mainly been triggered by the increasing global dye production, possible toxic effects, undesirable colour and high persistence in the environment. Biosorption, which involves dye removal from aqueous solution by passive linkage in live and dead biomass, has shown great potential in removing dyes from aquatic environments. Among aquatic macrophytes, water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, has shown great potential as a biosorbent. In this work, we investigated the removal of two basic dyes, methylene blue and crystal violet, using E. crassipes immobilized on alginate. Results showed that the Langmuir model better described the equilibrium sorption data when compared to the Freundlich model. Optimum amounts of methylene blue and crystal violet dyes were adsorbed in the alkaline pH range (8–10), 8 % biomass dose, and the amount of dye removed increased with increasing initial dye concentration. The equilibrium monocomponent adsorption capacities for the dyes were 111.1 and 43.5 mg/g, while the binary adsorption capacities were 26.1 and 11.6 mg/g for methylene blue and crystal violet, respectively. To conclude, we show for the first time that E. crassipes fixed on alginate beads can uptake and adsorb methylene blue and crystal violet dyes very effectively in batch systems and show great potential for dye removal from aquatic environments.

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Acknowledgments

The International Foundation for Science, Stockholm, Sweden, supported this research through Grant Number W/4266-2 to Courtie Mahamadi.

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  1. Chemistry Department, Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe

    Courtie Mahamadi & Epias Mawere

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  1. Courtie Mahamadi
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  2. Epias Mawere
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Correspondence to Courtie Mahamadi.

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Mahamadi, C., Mawere, E. High adsorption of dyes by water hyacinth fixed on alginate. Environ Chem Lett 12, 313–320 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-013-0445-z

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