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Uncommon heavy metals, metalloids and their plant toxicity: a review

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Abstract

Heavy metals still represent a group of dangerous pollutants, to which close attention is paid. Many heavy metals are essential as important constituents of pigments and enzymes, mainly zinc, nickel and copper. However, all metals, especially cadmium, lead, mercury and copper, are toxic at high concentration because of disrupting enzyme functions, replacing essential metals in pigments or producing reactive oxygen species. The toxicity of less common heavy metals and metalloids, such as thallium, arsenic, chromium, antimony, selenium and bismuth, has been investigated. Here, we review the phytotoxicity of thallium, chromium, antimony, selenium, bismuth, and other rare heavy metals and metalloids such as tellurium, germanium, gallium, scandium, gold, platinum group metals (palladium, platinum and rhodium), technetium, tungsten, uranium, thorium, and rare earth elements yttrium and lanthanum, and the 14 lanthanides cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lutetium, neodymium, promethium, praseodymium, samarium, terbium, thulium and ytterbium.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grant of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (No. 522/07/0692) and UNESCO Initiative of the International Year for Planet Earth.

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  1. Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic

    Petr Babula & Radka Opatrilova

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Vojtech Adam, Josef Zehnalek & Rene Kizek

  3. Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Vojtech Adam

  4. Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Ladislav Havel

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  1. Petr Babula
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  2. Vojtech Adam
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  3. Radka Opatrilova
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  4. Josef Zehnalek
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  5. Ladislav Havel
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  6. Rene Kizek
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Correspondence to Rene Kizek.

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Babula, P., Adam, V., Opatrilova, R. et al. Uncommon heavy metals, metalloids and their plant toxicity: a review. Environ Chem Lett 6, 189–213 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-008-0159-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-008-0159-9

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