Abstract
Morphological observations using light and scanning electron microscopes and molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the fungus growing on the surface of fruits or sepals of Styrax japonica collected at Nagano, Japan, is a new powdery mildew with an unusual morphology, described here as Erysiphe monascogera. This fungus has mainly a single ascus in a chasmothecium, but molecular phylogenetic analysis and the shape of the hyphal appressoria suggest that it is an Erysiphe species. Erysiphe monascogera is a sister-species to E. nomurae on Symplocos chinensis var. leucocarpa f. pilosa, although there are obvious morphological differences between the two species. This inconsistency between molecular phylogeny and morphology may be explained by the unique habitat of E. monascogera. Erysiphe monascogera and E. nomurae are included in a clade composed of the E. alphitoides complex, which suggests that these two species diverged by host jumping of the E. alphitoides complex, having oaks as major host plants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Braun U (1987) A monograph of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews). Beih Nova Hedwigia 89:1–700
Braun U, Takamatsu S (2000) Phylogeny of Erysiphe, Microsphaera, Uncinula (Erysipheae) and Cystotheca, Podosphaera, Sphaerotheca (Cystotheceae) inferred from rDNA ITS sequences: some taxonomic consequences. Schlechtendalia 4:1–33
Braun U, Cook RTA, Inman AJ, Shin HD (2002) The taxonomy of the powdery mildew fungi. In: Bélanger RR, Bushnell WR, Dik AJ, Carver TLW (eds) The powdery mildews: a comprehensive treatise. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, pp 13–55
Felsenstein J (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791
Fritsch PW (1999) Phylogeny of Styrax based on morphological characters, with implications for biogeography and infrageneric classification. Syst Bot 24:356–378
Fritsch PW, Morton CM, Chen T, Meldrum C (2001) Phylogeny and biogeography of the Styracaceae. Int J Plant Sci 162:S95–S116
Hirata T, Takamatsu S (1996) Nucleotide sequence diversity of rDNA internal transcribed spacers extracted from conidia and cleistothecia of several powdery mildew fungi. Mycoscience 37:283–288
Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17:754–755
Inuma T, Khodaparast SA, Takamatsu S (2007) Multilocus phylogenetic analyses within Blumeria graminis, a powdery mildew fungus of cereals. Mol Phylogenet Evol 44:741–751
Limkaisang S, Kom-un S, Furtado EL, Liew KW, Salleh B, Sato Y, Takamatsu S (2005) Molecular phylogenetic and morphological analyses of Oidium heveae, a powdery mildew of rubber tree. Mycoscience 46:220–226
Limkaisang S, Cunnington JH, Liew KW, Salleh B, Sato Y, Divarangkoon R, Fangfuk W, To-anun C, Takamatsu S (2006) Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal a close relationship between powdery mildew fungi on some tropical trees and Erysiphe alphitoides, an oak powdery mildew. Mycoscience 47:327–335
Matsuda S, Takamatsu S (2003) Evolution of host-parasite relationships of Golovinomyces (Ascomycete: Erysiphaceae) inferred from nuclear rDNA sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 27:314–327
Mori Y, Sato Y, Takamatsu S (2000) Evolutionary analysis of the powdery mildew fungi using nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Mycologia 92:74–93
Nylander JAA (2004) MrModeltest v2. Program distributed by the author. Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala
Schönenberger J, Anderberg AA, Sytsma KJ (2005) Molecular phylogenetics and patterns of floral evolution in the Ericales. Int J Plant Sci 166:265–288
Swofford DL (2001) PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (and other methods) 4.0b8. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA
Takamatsu S (2004) Phylogeny and evolution of the powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales, Ascomycota) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycoscience 45:147–157
Takamatsu S, Sato Y, Mimuro G, Kom-un S (2003) Erysiphe wadae: a new species of Erysiphe set. Uncinula on Japanese beech. Mycoscience 44:165–171
Takamatsu S, Braun U, Limkaisang S (2005a) Phylogenetic relationships and generic affinity of Uncinula septata inferred from nuclear rDNA sequences. Mycoscience 46:9–16
Takamatsu S, Niinomi S, Cabrera de Álvarez MG, Álvarez RE, Havrylenko M, Braun U (2005b) Caespitotheca gen. nov., an ancestral genus in the Erysiphales. Mycol Res 109:903–911
Takamatsu S, Matsuda S, Niinomi S, Havrylenko M (2006) Molecular phylogeny supports a northern hemisphere origin of Golovinomyces (Ascomycota: Erysiphales). Mycol Res 110:1093–1101
Takamatsu S, Braun U, Limkaisang S, Kom-un S, Sato Y, Cunnington JH (2007) Phylogeny and taxonomy of the oak powdery mildew Erysiphe alphitoides sensu lato. Mycol Res 111:809–826
Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 24:4876–4882
To-anun C, Kom-un S, Limkaisang S, Fangfuk W, Sato Y, Takamatsu S (2005) A new subgenus, Microidium, of Oidium (Erysiphaceae) on Phyllanthus spp. Mycoscience 46:1–8
Walsh PS, Metzger DA, Higuchi R (1991) Chelex 100 as a medium for simple extraction of DNA for PCR-based typing from forensic material. BioTechniques 10:506–513
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Shiroya, Y., Nakashima, C. & Takamatsu, S. Erysiphe monascogera sp. nov., an unusual powdery mildew fungus found on fruits of Styrax japonica . Mycoscience 49, 199–206 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-008-0410-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-008-0410-z