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The Mining-Induced Seepage Effect and Reconstruction of Key Aquiclude Strata During Backfill Mining

Abbauinduzierte Sickerströmung und Wiederherstellungsmethode von entscheidenden wasserstauenden Schichten im Versatzbergbau

El efecto de filtración y el método de reconstrucción inducidos por la minería del estrato clave en el acuicludo en el relleno minero

采动引起的渗流效应及充填开采隔水关键层重塑

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Abstract

When mining coal below aquifers, the height of the water-conducting zone above the mine panel is widely used as one of the main criteria in assessing mine safety. However, its direct application to backfill mining is quite problematic, and alternative approaches have to be used to more accurately reflect the relevant processes. The compaction characteristics and seepage behavior in crushed key aquiclude strata were experimentally investigated by analyzing the hydrogeological characters of aquiclude strata and aquifers in the Wugou coal mine. The results explained the mechanism of the backfill mining-induced seepage and indicated the feasibility of reconstructing the key aquiclude strata to protect regional water resources. Based on the regional geology and hydrogeological characteristics of the aquiclude strata, various reconstruction forms were analyzed, with the approbation of structural and seepage stability criteria of aquiclude strata. The research results were corroborated by field measurements and provide new theoretical guidance for protecting water resources during mining in China.

Zusammenfassung

Beim Kohlenabbau unter Aquiferen wird gewöhnlich die Höhe der wasserführenden Zone über der Abbausohle als einer der wichtigsten Parameter bei der Beurteilung der Bergbausicherheit verwendet. Die direkte Anwendung im Versatzbergbau ist jedoch problematisch. Zu verwenden sind alternative Ansätze, welche die wichtigen Prozesse genauer berücksichtigen. Die Verdichtungscharakteristika und das Sickerverhalten in zerbrochenen, wichtigen wasserstauenden Schichten wurden experimentell untersucht, indem der hydrogeologische Character der wasserstauenden und der grundwasserführenden Schichten in dem Wugou Kohlenbergbau untersucht wurde. Die Ergebnisse erklärten den Mechanismus der zutretenden Sickerwässer im Versatzbergbau und verwiesen auf die Durchführbarkeit einer Rekonstruktion der wichtigsten Stauhorizonte, um regionale Wasserresourcen zu schützen. Basierend auf der regionalen Geologie und den hydrogeologischen Charakteristika der wasserstauenden Schichten wurden unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten der Rekonstruktion analysiert, unter Prüfung struktureller und Sickerungskriterien der wasserstauenden Schichten. Die Ergebnisse wurden durch Geländemessungen bestätigt und können neue, theoretische Leitlinien für den Schutz von Wasserressourcen im chinesischen Bergbau liefern.

Resumen

Cuando se extrae carbón debajo de los acuíferos, la altura de la zona de conducción de agua sobre el panel de la mina se usa ampliamente como uno de los principales criterios para evaluar la seguridad de la mina. Sin embargo, su aplicación directa en el relleno minero es bastante problemática y se deben utilizar enfoques alternativos para reflejar con mayor precisión los procesos relevantes. Las características de compactación y el comportamiento de infiltración en estratos claves del acuicludo fueron investigados experimentalmente por análisis de las características hidrogeológicas de los estratos y acuíferos en la mina de carbón de Wugou. Los resultados explicaron el mecanismo del relleno de la filtración inducida por la minería e indicaron la viabilidad de reconstruir los estratos clave del acuicludo para proteger los recursos hídricos regionales. Sobre la base de la geología regional y las características hidrogeológicas de los estratos del acuicludo, se analizaron diversas formas de reconstrucción, con la aprobación de los criterios de estabilidad estructural y de infiltración de los estratos del acuicludo. Los resultados de la investigación fueron corroborados por mediciones de campo y brindaron una nueva orientación teórica para proteger los recursos hídricos durante la minería en China.

摘要

在开采含水层下伏煤层时,导水裂隙带高度是评价开采安全性的主要指标。然而,能否将导水裂隙带高度直接应用于充填开采仍存在疑问,必须寻求能更准确反映充填开采特征的其它方法。通过五沟煤矿含水层和隔水层水文地质特征分析,研究了被采动破坏的隔水关键层的压实和渗流效应。研究结果解释了充填开采诱发渗流效应的机理,说明了重塑隔水关键层和保护区域水资源的可行性。在隔水层的区域地质和水文地质特征基础上,分析隔水层的多种重塑形式,给出了隔水层的结构和渗流稳定标准。研究成果得到了现场实测证实,为中国煤炭开采水资源保护提供了新的理论指导。

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2017XKZD13).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Jixiong Zhang, Qiang Sun & Meng Li

  2. School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia

    Qiang Sun & Xu Zhao

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  1. Jixiong Zhang
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  2. Qiang Sun
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  3. Meng Li
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  4. Xu Zhao
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Correspondence to Qiang Sun.

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Zhang, J., Sun, Q., Li, M. et al. The Mining-Induced Seepage Effect and Reconstruction of Key Aquiclude Strata During Backfill Mining. Mine Water Environ 38, 590–601 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-019-00614-4

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