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Testing measurement properties of two EQ-5D youth versions and KIDSCREEN-10 in China

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Abstract

Objective

To assess measurement properties of the two youth versions of EQ-5D (i.e., 5-level EQ-5D-Y [Y-5L] and 3-level EQ-5D-Y [Y-3L]) and KIDSCREEN-10 in China.

Methods

Children and adolescents attending schools in Shanghai, China were recruited to self-complete the Y-5L, KIDSCREEN-10, and Y-3L questionnaires. Their feasibility was assessed according to missing responses. Convergent validity of the EQ-5D-Y dimensions, a summated dimension score [SDS], and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were assessed by examining their correlations with the KIDSCREEN-10 index score and dimensions. Known-groups validity of SDS, VAS, and KIDSCREEN-10 index score were tested by comparing the scores of pupils with and without two conditions (i.e., overweight and shortsightedness), and the relative efficiency (RE) between them was also evaluated.

Results

A total of 262 pupils (girl: 58.4%; mean age: 12.7 years) were enrolled. Missing responses were low for both the Y-5L (0.3%) and Y-3L (2.4%), and KIDSCREEN-10 (0.3%). The overall ceiling effects were 40.3% for the Y-5L, 44.1% for the Y-3L and 1.1% for the KIDSCREEN-10. The SDSY-5L, SDSY-3L and VAS were moderately correlated with the KIDSCREEN-10 index score (|r|= 0.425 for SDSY-5L, 0.323 for SDSY-3L, and 0.435 for VAS; p < 0.01 for all). Similar EQ-5D-Y and KIDSCREEN-10 dimensions showed moderate to strong correlations (|r|> 0.3). Both the SDSY-5L and SDSY-3L had lower values, and VAS and KIDSCREEN-10 index score had higher values for pupils without shortsightedness compared with those for their counterparts. The difference was statistical significance for the SDSY-5L and VAS (P < 0.05 for both), which also had higher RE in the condition.

Conclusions

The Y-5L, Y-3L, and KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaires are feasible and valid for measuring HRQoL among children/adolescents in China. It also appears that the advantages of Y-5L over Y-3L were modest.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany for providing the Chinese version of KIDSCREEN-10.

Funding

The study was supported by the EuroQoL Research Foundation. Nan Luo and Zhihao Yang are members of the EuroQol Group. Pei Wang and Nan Luo received research grants from the EuroQol Research Foundation as co-principal investigators.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Wang Pei and Sun Yue have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Wang Pei, Sun Yue & Zhang Ruo-Yu

  2. College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

    Yang Zhi-Hao

  3. School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China

    Wu Bin

  4. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Luo Nan

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  1. Wang Pei
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Wang Pei or Luo Nan.

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The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

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Analyses were performed using SAS 9.4; codes are available on request.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

See Table 7.

Table 7 Distributions of responses of EQ-5D-Y for subgroups and results of Mann–Whitney test
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Appendix 2

See Table 8.

Table 8 Distributions of responses of KIDSCREEN-10 for subgroups and results of Mann–Whitney test
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Pei, W., Yue, S., Zhi-Hao, Y. et al. Testing measurement properties of two EQ-5D youth versions and KIDSCREEN-10 in China. Eur J Health Econ 22, 1083–1093 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-021-01307-y

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