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Production of activated carbon from walnut shell by CO2 activation in a fluidized bed reactor and its adsorption performance of copper ion

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Abstract

Low-cost and effective activated carbon for copper ion adsorption was prepared from walnut shell by CO2 activation in a fluidized bed. The effects of activation temperature and activation time on the specific surface area and yield were investigated. The adsorption performance of copper ion on walnut shell-derived activated carbons was examined in details. BET, SEM, FT-IR and XPS were used to determine the pore structure, morphology and surface chemistry of activated carbons obtained. Under the optimal condition (i.e., activation temperature of 900 °C and activation time of 90 min) the activated carbon with maximum specific surface area of 1011 m2/g and largest pore volume of 0.65 cm3/g with uniform micropores structure (Vmicro/VTotal was more than 80%) could be produced. Changes in surface functional groups of activated carbon were observed, and the contents of carboxyl groups (–COOH) increased significantly after activation process, which is very favorable for copper ion adsorption. The kinetics for copper ion adsorption followed the Pseudo-second-order model.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the International Joint Research and Development Project of Tianjin Talent Introduction and Science & Technology Cooperation Plan (14RCGFGX00850), National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0400900) and Scientific Research Foundation for Talents, Tianjin University of Science & Technology (10286).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry and Food Machinery and Equipment, College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300222, China

    Long Wu, Zhongsheng Shang, Hui Wang, Wenjie Wan, Xinyuan Gao & Zhanyong Li

  2. International Joint Research Center of Low-Carbon Green Process Equipment, Tianjin, 300222, China

    Long Wu & Zhanyong Li

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan

    Noriyuki Kobayashi

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  1. Long Wu
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  2. Zhongsheng Shang
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  3. Hui Wang
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  4. Wenjie Wan
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  5. Xinyuan Gao
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  7. Noriyuki Kobayashi
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Correspondence to Zhanyong Li.

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Wu, L., Shang, Z., Wang, H. et al. Production of activated carbon from walnut shell by CO2 activation in a fluidized bed reactor and its adsorption performance of copper ion. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 20, 1676–1688 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-018-0730-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-018-0730-9

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