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Upregulation of jasmonate biosynthesis and jasmonate-responsive genes in rice leaves in response to a bacterial pathogen mimic

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Abstract

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight of rice, secretes several cell wall degrading enzymes including cellulase (ClsA) and lipase/esterase (LipA). Prior treatment of rice leaves with purified cell wall degrading enzymes such as LipA can confer enhanced resistance against subsequent X. oryzae pv. oryzae infection. To understand LipA-induced rice defense responses, microarray analysis was performed 12 h after enzyme treatment of rice leaves. This reveals that 867 (720 upregulated and 147 downregulated) genes are differentially regulated (≥2-fold). A number of genes involved in defense, stress, signal transduction, and catabolic processes were upregulated while a number of genes involved in photosynthesis and anabolic processes were downregulated. The microarray data also suggested upregulation of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthetic and JA-responsive genes. Estimation of various phytohormones in LipA-treated rice leaves demonstrated a significant increase in the level of JA-Ile (a known active form of JA) while the levels of other phytohormones were not changed significantly with respect to buffer-treated control. This suggests a role for JA-Ile in cell wall damage induced innate immunity. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of ClsA- and LipA-induced rice genes has identified key rice functions that might be involved in elaboration of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)-induced innate immunity.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Michael Reichelt (Biochemistry Department, MPI-CE, Jena, Germany) for support in phytohormone estimation. We thank M. B. Madhavi for help in using microarray facility. AR was supported by a senior research fellowship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India. This work was supported, in part, by a grant to RVS from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India and by the Plant-Microbe and Soil Interactions project of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. No conflict of interest is declared for the other authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Ashish Ranjan, Hitendra Kumar Patel, Alok Pandey, Ramesh Palaparthi & Ramesh V. Sonti

  2. Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans Knöll Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Jyothilakshmi Vadassery & Axel Mithöfer

  3. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Ashish Ranjan

  4. CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226 015, India

    Alok Pandey

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  1. Ashish Ranjan
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  2. Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
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  3. Hitendra Kumar Patel
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Correspondence to Ramesh V. Sonti.

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Ranjan, A., Vadassery, J., Patel, H.K. et al. Upregulation of jasmonate biosynthesis and jasmonate-responsive genes in rice leaves in response to a bacterial pathogen mimic. Funct Integr Genomics 15, 363–373 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-014-0426-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-014-0426-8

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