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Transcriptional regulation of defence genes and involvement of the WRKY transcription factor in arbuscular mycorrhizal potato root colonization

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Abstract

The establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal associations causes major changes in plant roots and affects significantly the host in term of plant nutrition and resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. As a consequence, major changes in root transcriptome, especially in plant genes related to biotic stresses, are expected. Potato microarray analysis, followed by real-time quantitative PCR, was performed to detect the wide transcriptome changes induced during the pre-, early and late stages of potato root colonization by Glomus sp. MUCL 41833. The microarray analysis revealed 526 up-regulated and 132 down-regulated genes during the pre-stage, 272 up-regulated and 109 down-regulated genes during the early stage and 734 up-regulated and 122 down-regulated genes during the late stage of root colonization. The most important class of regulated genes was associated to plant stress and in particular to the WRKY transcription factors genes during the pre-stage of root colonization. The expression profiling clearly demonstrated a wide transcriptional change during the pre-, early and late stages of root colonization. It further suggested that the WRKY transcription factor genes are involved in the mechanisms controlling the arbuscular mycorrhizal establishment by the regulation of plant defence genes.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Direction générale opérationnelle de l’Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l’Environnement du service public de wallonie under contract number D31-1149, entitled Valorisation de la microflore bénéfique des sols pour le contrôle de la flore pathogène des productions de pomme de terre comme alternative à l’utilisation des pesticides. S.C. gratefully acknowledges the financial contribution of the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (contract BCCM C4/00/001). We thank André Clippe, Institut of Life Science of the Université catholique de Louvain, for technical assistance in microarray experiment.

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  1. Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Place croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    Adrien Gallou & Stéphane Declerck

  2. Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Earth and Life Institute, Mycology-Mycothèque de l’Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL), part of the Belgian Coordinated Collections of Micro-organisms (BCCM), Place croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    Sylvie Cranenbrouck

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  1. Adrien Gallou
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Correspondence to Sylvie Cranenbrouck.

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Fig. S1

The MapMan Metabolism Overview display created using the 865 regulated genes identified from the late stage versus the control comparison. This figure shows the impact of Glomus sp. MUCL 41833 during the late stage of potato roots colonization on the genes involved in metabolism process. In particular, the induction of the genes related to the biosynthesis of mycorradicin (i.e. 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 2 (DXS-2; MICRO.13123.C1), 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR; MICRO.5323.C2), phytoene desaturase (PDS; MICRO.11694.C2 and MICRO.5233.C2), zeta-carotene desaturase (ZDS; MICRO.4706.C1) and carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO)) in the secondary metabolism process of terpenes. The fold change is displayed as illustrated in the fold change colour bar in the upper right of each panel (blue is repressed and red is induced) (DOC 101 kb)

Table S1

Primer sequences and amplification length of the genes used in the real-time quantitative PCR analysis (DOC 42.5 kb)

Table S2

Root colonization and total phosphorus content of the leaves of potato plantlets grown 12 days in presence (i.e. +AMF) or absence (i.e. −AMF) of an actively growing extra-radical mycelium networks of Glomus sp. MUCL 41833 (DOC 35.5 kb)

Table S3

The 658 genes regulated during the pre-stage of potato root colonization by Glomus sp. MUCL 41833 as compared with the control treatment, and their changes in expression (XLS 117 kb)

Table S4

The 381 genes regulated during the early stage of potato root colonization by Glomus sp. MUCL 41833 as compared with the control treatment, and their changes in expression (XLS 74.5 kb)

Table S5

The 865 genes regulated during the late stage of potato root colonization by Glomus sp. MUCL 41833 as compared with the control treatment, and their changes in expression (XLS 146 kb)

Table S6

Overview of the ethylene (ET), acid salicylic (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) marker genes during the pre-, early and late stages of potato root colonization by Glomus sp. MUCL 41833 as compared with the control treatments, and their changes in expression (XLS 24.0 kb)

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Gallou, A., Declerck, S. & Cranenbrouck, S. Transcriptional regulation of defence genes and involvement of the WRKY transcription factor in arbuscular mycorrhizal potato root colonization. Funct Integr Genomics 12, 183–198 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-011-0241-4

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