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A ß-d-xylosidase and a PR-4B precursor identified as genes accounting for differences in peach cold storage tolerance

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Abstract

A transcriptome analysis was applied on two peach (Prunus persica L.) cultivars with different sensitivity to low temperature regimes to identify genes that might be involved in tolerance to extended low temperature storage. Peach fruit from ‘Morettini No2’ to ‘Royal Glory’, cultivars sensitive and tolerant to chilling injury (CI), respectively, were harvested at commercial maturity stage and allowed to ripen at room temperature (shelf-life, 25°C) or subjected to 4 and 6 weeks of cold storage (0°C, 95% R.H.) followed by ripening at room temperature. The use of μPEACH 1.0 microarray platform identified a number of genes that were differentially expressed in ‘Morettini No2’ and ‘Royal Glory’ fruit after the extended storage period. Based on their possible involvement in physiological processes related to cold storage and on their differential expression pattern, two heat shock proteins, a β-D-xylosidase, an expansin, a dehydrin and a pathogenesis-related (PR) protein were further selected for detailed analysis via RNA blot analysis. It is suggested that β-d-xylosidase and PR-4B precursor genes could be related to the different tolerance to CI observed in the two peach cultivars since generally higher expression levels were observed in cv. ‘Royal Glory’, the tolerant one. These two genes could play a role in peach tolerance to chilling injury.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by grants co-funded by the European Social Fund & National Resources-EPEAEK II-ARCHIMIDIS II. GAM was supported by an E.U. Marie Curie Individual Fellowship (Grant MEIF-CT-2006-038997) and VF by a mobility grant from COST-924 action.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Lab of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Vasiliki Falara & Angelos K. Kanellis

  2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemessos, 50329, Cyprus

    George A. Manganaris

  3. Department of Environmental Agronomy and Crop Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy

    George A. Manganaris, Fiorenza Ziliotto, Claudio Bonghi & Angelo Ramina

  4. Department of Crop Production, Technological Educational Institute, Sindos, 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Athanasios Manganaris

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  1. Vasiliki Falara
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  2. George A. Manganaris
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  4. Athanasios Manganaris
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  5. Claudio Bonghi
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  7. Angelos K. Kanellis
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Correspondence to Claudio Bonghi or Angelos K. Kanellis.

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Vasiliki Falara and George A. Manganaris contributed equally to this work.

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Fig. S1

Differentially expressed transcripts in a peach fruit of cultivars ‘Morettini No2’ and ‘Royal Glory’ after 4 and 6 weeks of cold storage (0°C) plus 1 day shelf-life (25°C). Numbers associated to light grey bars represent up-regulated (above) and dark grey represent down-regulated (bottom) transcripts identified via microarray analysis in the four samples compared to a fruit 1 day after harvest. A total of 185 and 355 transcripts have been considered for ‘Morettini No2’ (left) and ‘Royal Glory’ (right) comparisons, respectively, according to SAM (Table S2, supplementary material). Numbers of the up- and down-regulated transcripts in the 4-week samples showing the same expression pattern with the 6-week samples are indicated within the dotted lines. Numbers associated with the white bars indicate constitutively expressed mRNA after 4 and 6 weeks of cold storage plus 1 day shelf-life. (GIF 21 kb)

Figure S1

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Table S1

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Table S2

List of probes showing significant expression values after Significant Analysis for Microarrays (SAM analysis) in each of the four comparisons performed in the trial. A total of 444 probes showed significant expression values after SAM analysis in at least two of the four (4 w + 1d vs. 0 w + 1 d 'Morettini No2'; 6w + 1 d vs. 0 w + 1d 'Morettini No2'; 4 w + 1d vs. 0 w + 1 d 'Royal Glory'4 w + 1d vs. 0 w + 1 d 'Royal Glory') hybridizations performed in the trial. “Ctg” refers to the peach contig number present in the database and used to synthesize the oligo probes for the μPEACH1.0 microarray. “Oligo ID” is the code assigned to each transcript (444 out of 4,806) by the manufacturer (Operon). “At gene” is the AGI Locus (ATH AGI code TAIR 7) of the Arabidopsis gene best hit for each peach contigs obtained using BLASTX against the TAIR protein 7 database. “Description” is the name assigned to Arabidopsis gene best hit for peach contigs. “Mapman BIN” is the BIN and subBIN (http://www.gabipd.org/projects/MapMan/) assigned to the Arabidopsis gene best hit for peach contigs. The following eight columns report the microarray results: 4 w (0°C) + 1 d (25°C)/1 d (25°C) 'Morettini No2' and stdev report [log2 (intensity 4weeks/intensity T0 and relative standard deviation value]; 6weeks (0°C) + 1 day (25°C) /1 day (25°C) 'Morettini No2' and stdev report reports [log2 (intensity 6 weeks (0°C) + 1 day (25°C)/intensity 1 day (25°C)) and relative standard deviation value]; 4weeks (0°C) + 1 day (25°C) /1 day (25°C) 'Royal Glory' and stdev report [log2 (intensity 4weeks (0°C) + 1 day (25°C)/intensity 1 day (25°C)) and relative standard deviation value]; 6weeks/1 day (25°C) 'Royal Glory' and stdev reports [log2 (intensity 6 weeks(0°C) + 1 day (25°C)/intensity 1 day (25°C)) and relative standard deviation value]. Green is used to highlight down-regulated genes (log2 ratio ≤ −1.0), red to highlight up-regulated genes (log2 ratio ≥ 1.0), and yellow for genes showing no differential expression (log2 ratio > −1 and <1). Ns and NA indicate probes that were not significant at SAM analysis and data not available, respectively. (XLS 176 kb)

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Falara, V., Manganaris, G.A., Ziliotto, F. et al. A ß-d-xylosidase and a PR-4B precursor identified as genes accounting for differences in peach cold storage tolerance. Funct Integr Genomics 11, 357–368 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-010-0204-1

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