Abstract
A novel bioresin, epoxidized soybean oil was synthesized by in situ method and was characterized employing FTIR and NMR. The bioresin was blended with epoxy (DGEBA) at different ratios as reactive diluents for improved processibility and toughened nature. The composition with 20 wt% bioresin exhibited improved impact strength to the tune of 60% as compared to virgin epoxy. Fracture toughness parameters critical stress intensity factor (K IC) and critical strain energy release rate (G IC) were evaluated using single edge notch bending test and demonstrated superior enhancement in toughness. Dynamic mechanical, thermal, thermo mechanical and fracture morphological analyses have been studied for bio-based epoxy blends. Curing kinetics has been evaluated through DSC analysis to investigate the effect of bioresin on cross-linking reaction of neat epoxy with triethylenetetramine as curing agent.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Meier, M.A.R., Metzger, J.O. and Schubert, U.S., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2007, 36: 1788
Mallick, P.K. “Fiber reinforced composites; Materials, Manufacturing and Design” Taylor & Francis, New York, 2007, p. 2
Tan, S.G. and Chow, W.S., Polymer-Plastics Tech and Eng., 2010, 49: 900
Deléglise, J.M.M., Lacrampe, M.F. and Krawczak, P., Prog. Polym. Sci., 2010, 35: 487
Espinosa, L.M. de and Meier, M.A.R., Eur. Polym. J., 2011, 47: 837
Guner, F.S., Yagci, Y. and Erciyes, A.T., Prog. Polym. Sci., 2006, 31: 633
Gerbase, A.E., Petzhold, C.L. and Costa, A.P.O., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 2002, 79:797
Jin, F.L. and Park, S.J., J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2007, 13: 808
Park, S.J., Jin, F.L. and Lee, J.R., Macromol. Rapid Commun., 2004, 25: 109
Liu, Z. and Erhan, S.Z., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 2010, 87: 437
Kim, J.R. and Sharma, S., Ind. Crop. Prod., 2012, 36: 485
Parzuchowski, P.G., Kowalska, M.J., Ryszkowska, J. and Rokicki, G., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2006, 102: 2904
Ratna, D. and Banthia, A.K., Macromol. Research, 2004, 12: 11
Unnikrishnan, K.P. and Thachi, E.T., Des. Monomers Polym., 2006, 9: 129
Chen, W.Y., Wang, Y.Z. and Chang, F.C., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 92: 892
Ahmad, Z., Ansell, M. and Smedley, D., Int. J. Adhesion & Adhesives, 2010, 30: 539
Raghavachar, R., Letasi, R.J., Kola, P.V., Chen, Z. and Massingill, J.L., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 1999, 76: 511
Ratna, D., Polym. Int., 2001, 50: 179
Zhu, J., Chandrashekhara, K., Flanigan, V. and Kapila, S., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 91: 3513
Miyagawa, H., Misra, M. and Drzal, L.T., Polym. Eng. Sci., 2005, 45: 487
Park, S.J., Jin, F.L. and Lee, J.R., Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2004, 374: 724
Shabeer, A., Garg, A., Sundararaman, S., Chandrashekhara, K., Flanigan, V. and Kapila, S., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2005, 98: 1772
Jin, F.L. and Park, S.J., Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2008, 478: 402
Jin, F.L. and Park, S.J., Polym. Int., 2008, 57: 577
Lu, J. and Wool, R.P., Compos. Sci. Tech., 2008, 68: 1025
Mustata, F., Tudorachi, N. and Rosu, D., Composite Part B, 2011, 42: 1803
Altuna, F.I., Esposito, L.H., Ruseckaite, R.A. and Stefani, P.M., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2011, 120: 789
Gupta, A.P., Ahmad, S. and Dev, A., Polym. Eng. Sci., 2011, 51: 1087
Tan, S.G., Chow, W.S., J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 2010, 101: 1051
Miyagawa, H., Misra, M., Drzal, L.T. and Mohanty, A.K., Polymer, 2005, 46: 445
Grishchuk, S. and Kargor-Kocsis, J.J., Mater. Sci., 2012, 47: 3391
Gedde, U.W., “Polymer Physics” Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, 2001, p. 62
Barcia, F.L., Amaral, T.P. and Soares, B.G., Polymer, 2003, 44: 811
Thomas, R., Yumei, D., Yuelong, H., Le, Y., Moldenaers, P., Weimin, Y., Czigany, T. and Thomas, S., Polymer, 2008, 49: 278
Rico, M., López, J., Montero, B. and Bellas, R., Eur. Polym. J., 2012, 48: 1660
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was financially supported by the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Govt. of India.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sahoo, S.K., Mohanty, S. & Nayak, S.K. Synthesis and characterization of bio-based epoxy blends from renewable resource based epoxidized soybean oil as reactive diluent. Chin J Polym Sci 33, 137–152 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-015-1568-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-015-1568-4