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Foaming of blood in endovenous laser treatment

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Abstract

This work is dedicated to a challenging issue of modern phlebology—establishment of a physical mechanism of the endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) against great saphenous vein incompetence (protuberant varicosities). Using optical and acoustical methods, we have studied the laser-induced formation of microbubbles in an aqueous solution of surface-active substances, serum, and blood directly in patients while conducting EVLT of the great saphenous vein in a clinical setting. We have used lasers with wavelengths 0.97 and 1.47 μm. Their radiation was transmitted through a quartz-quartz polymer fiber 600 μm in diameter. It has been found that in all cases, the laser beam with moderate power (1–10 W) supplied through an optical fiber leads to the formation of micro-bubbled foam. It has been shown that laser exposure during EVLT induces blood boiling, which results in heating of the venous walls (thermal destruction of the intima) and provides effective foam occlusion of the blood vessels (hemostasis). Necessary and sufficient conditions for a successful EVLT are associated with the thermal destruction of intima and laser-induced foam hemostasis.

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Funding

This work was partly supported by the Federal Agency of ScientificOrganizations (agreement no. 007-GZ/Ch3363/26) in part of transport processes and by the grant RFBR no. 18-02-00165 in part of the mechanism of action.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian academy of sciences (POI FEB RAS), 43 Baltiyskaya st., Vladivostok, Russia, 690041

    Vladimir Chudnovskii

  2. Institute of Automation and Control Processes Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IACP FEB RAS), Radio st., Vladivostok, Russia, 690041

    Aleksandr Mayor

  3. Far Eastern Federal University, 8 Sukhanova st., Vladivostok, Russia, 690090

    Artem Kiselev

  4. Institute of Photon Technologies of Federal Scientific Research Center, “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia, 108840

    Vladimir Yusupov

Authors
  1. Vladimir Chudnovskii
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  2. Aleksandr Mayor
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  3. Artem Kiselev
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  4. Vladimir Yusupov
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Contributions

Vladimir Chudnovskii has made substantial contributions to conception, acquisition of data and interpretation of data; Alexander Mayor has made substantial contributions to acquisition of experimental data; Artem Kiselev has made substantial contributions to acquisition and interpretation of clinic data; and Vladimir Yusupov has made substantial contributions to conception and design, analysis, and interpretation of data.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vladimir Yusupov.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute FEB RAS (protocol no. 12 on 11 December 2017).

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Chudnovskii, V., Mayor, A., Kiselev, A. et al. Foaming of blood in endovenous laser treatment. Lasers Med Sci 33, 1821–1826 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2552-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2552-3

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