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Short-term clinical and osteoimmunological effects of scaling and root planing complemented by simple or repeated laser phototherapy in chronic periodontitis

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, anti-inflammatory, and osteoimmunological benefits of the single (PT) and repeated laser phototherapy (rPT) as an adjunctive treatment of inflamed periodontal tissue. Twenty-seven patients with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into three groups of nine patients each in order to undergo scaling and root planing (SRP), SRP followed by one session of adjunctive PT (Day 1; SRP + PT), or SRP followed by adjunctive repeated PT five times in 2 weeks (Days 1, 2, 4, 7, and 11; SRP + rPT). For phototherapy session, a diode laser (λ = 670 nm, 200 mW, 60 s/tooth) was applied into the sulcus. Clinical parameters, including full-mouth plaque score, full-mouth bleeding score, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were taken at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. Interleukin 1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), receptor activator of nuclear factor κΒ ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in the collected GCF were measured. PT used in a single or repeated doses, does not produce a significant reduction in the clinical parameters essayed (p > 0.05). Levels of IL-1β in GCF were significantly reduced in SRP + PT and SRP + rPT groups compared with the SRP group (p < 0.05). However, the SRP + rPT group showed a significant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and RANKL/OPG ratio at 4 weeks post-treatment compared with the SRP + PT and SRP groups (p < 0.05). SRP + PT group also showed a significant reduction in TNF-α and RANKL/OPG ratio at 8 weeks post-treatment compared with the SRP group (p < 0.05). PT exerts a biostimulative effect on the periodontal tissue. Multiple sessions of PT showed a faster and greater tendency to reduce proinflammatory mediators and RANKL/OPG ratio.

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Acknowledgments

The work described in the present study was supported by a Grant from the Eugenio Rodríguez Pascual Foundation (Madrid, Spain). In addition, the authors wish to thank Di&B Spanish Enterprise for lending his Periowave® laser system. The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Estomatología III, Facultad de Odontología, UCM, Madrid, Spain

    Saray Calderín & Juan Antonio García-Núñez

  2. Departamento de Química Láser, Instituto de Química Física “Rocasolano”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, C/Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Clara Gómez

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  1. Saray Calderín
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  2. Juan Antonio García-Núñez
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  3. Clara Gómez
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Correspondence to Clara Gómez.

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Calderín, S., García-Núñez, J.A. & Gómez, C. Short-term clinical and osteoimmunological effects of scaling and root planing complemented by simple or repeated laser phototherapy in chronic periodontitis. Lasers Med Sci 28, 157–166 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1104-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1104-5

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