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Eco-efficiency assessment of pulp and paper industry in Myanmar

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Abstract

This paper presents the eco-efficiency assessment of the pulp and paper industry in Myanmar by using the key indicators such as raw material consumption, energy consumption, total waste output, water consumption, and CO2 emissions. The study was carried out by using quantitative methods for data analysis of the production, consumptions and emissions from fiscal year 2001–2005. The results revealed that the level of economic and environmental performance using the eco-efficiency ratio for each fiscal year has decreased since year 2002, and factory tried to increase the level of eco-efficiency again in year 2005. There was the positive aspect that factory could optimize the waste utilization by transferring lime mud to the cement factory in the last two fiscal years. This analysis showed the root causes that led to the losses of material, energy and water consumption and discussed how to conserve those utilities.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support of this research by the Thailand International Development Cooperation Agency (TICA). The authors also would like to express their sincere appreciation and thanks to Mr. U HTun Lin and Mr. U Tin Aung Htun for supporting morally in all aspects as well as to provide data related to this study and Ms. Phimphan Isaranuwatchai for her comments on writing.

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Author notes

  1. M. M. Thant

    Present address: Myanmar’s Pulp and Paper Industry, Ministry of Industry, Union of Myanmar, Yeni, Myanmar

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Environment and Resources Studies, International Program of Industrial Ecology and Environment, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakornpathom, 73170, Thailand

    M. M. Thant

  2. Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Eco-Industry Research and Training Center, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakornpathom, 73170, Thailand

    Kitikorn Charmondusit

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  1. M. M. Thant
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  2. Kitikorn Charmondusit
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Correspondence to Kitikorn Charmondusit.

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Thant, M.M., Charmondusit, K. Eco-efficiency assessment of pulp and paper industry in Myanmar. Clean Techn Environ Policy 12, 427–439 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-009-0232-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-009-0232-5

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