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Short- and long-term outcome of HIV-infected patients admitted to the intensive care unit

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Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to analyse the impact of the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the long-term outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). A retrospective cohort study of HIV-infected patients admitted to the ICU was undertaken. Outcomes in the pre-HAART era (1990–June 1996), early- (July 1996–2002), and recent-HAART (2003–2008) periods and total HAART era (July 1996–2008) were analysed and compared with those reported of the general population. A total of 127 ICU admissions were included. The 1-year mortality decreased from 71% in the pre-HAART era to 50% in the recent-HAART period (p = 0.06). The 5-year mortality decreased from 87% in the pre-HAART era to 59% in the early-HAART period (p = 0.005). Independent predictors of 1-year mortality in the HAART era were age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.27]), APACHE II score > 20 (6.04 [1.25–29.22]) and mechanical ventilation (40.01 [3.01–532.65]). The 5-year survival after hospitalisation was 80% and in the range of the reported survival of non-HIV-infected patients (83.7%). Predictors of 1-year mortality for HIV patients admitted to the ICU in the HAART era were all non-HIV-related. Short- and long-term outcome has improved since the introduction of HAART and is comparable to the outcome data in non-HIV-infected ICU patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    S. F. L. van Lelyveld, C. M. Wind, T. Mudrikova & A. I. M. Hoepelman

  2. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Havenziekenhuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    C. M. Wind

  3. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands

    H. J. van Leeuwen

  4. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    D. W. de Lange

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  1. S. F. L. van Lelyveld
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  2. C. M. Wind
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  3. T. Mudrikova
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  4. H. J. van Leeuwen
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  5. D. W. de Lange
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  6. A. I. M. Hoepelman
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Correspondence to S. F. L. van Lelyveld.

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S.F.L. van Lelyveld and C.M. Wind contributed equally to this work.

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van Lelyveld, S.F.L., Wind, C.M., Mudrikova, T. et al. Short- and long-term outcome of HIV-infected patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 30, 1085–1093 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1196-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1196-z

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