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Präklinische Notfallsonographie

Prehospital emergency ultrasound

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Sonographie hat seit der Einführung in die innerklinische Notfallmedizin in den vergangenen Jahren u. a. aufgrund optimierter Gerätetechnik verstärkt auch den Weg in die präklinische Patientenversorgung gefunden. Die Notfallsonographie ist ein interdisziplinäres Angebot an alle akutmedizinisch tätigen Ärzte und kann auch im präklinischen Bereich eingesetzt werden. Sie dient dem Ausschluss oder der Diagnose akuter Erkrankungen und ermöglicht dadurch eine schnelle zielorientierte Therapie.

Fragestellung

Dargestellt werden die wichtigsten und sinnvollen präklinischen Applikationen und deren Einfluss auf die Patientenversorgung.

Methodik

Es erfolgte eine Literaturrecherche nach relevanten und aktuellen Studien in gängigen Onlinedatenbanken.

Ergebnisse

Mittlerweile liegen zahlreiche Publikationen zur prähospitalen Anwendung der Notfallsonographie bei akuter Dyspnoe, kardiopulmonaler Reanimation und Trauma vor. Durch die Verfügbarkeit der prähospitalen Notfallsonographie können wesentliche akutmedizinisch relevante Krankheitsbilder frühzeitig erkannt oder ausgeschlossen werden. Bei Traumapatienten ermöglicht dies eine Verbesserung des Patientenmanagements.

Schlussfolgerungen

Mittels gezielter (fokussierter) Notfallsonographie können bei lebensbedrohlich kranken Patienten oftmals bereits am Notfallort wichtige Informationen über das zugrunde liegende Krankheitsbild gewonnen und therapeutische Maßnahmen frühzeitig eingeleitet werden.

Abstract

Background

Since the introduction of sonography into inpatient emergency medicine in the last few years, it has also found its way into prehospital patient management due to optimization of device technology. Emergency ultrasound is an interdisciplinary offer to all physicians working in acute care and can also be used in a prehospital setting. It primarily serves for the diagnosis or exclusion of acute pathologies and enables rapid and target-oriented therapy.

Objectives

Presentation of the most important prehospital applications and their impact on patient management.

Methods

A literature search was carried out for relevant and current studies in well-known online databases.

Results

A few publications exist on prehospital applications concerning acute dyspnea, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and trauma. Due to the availability of prehospital emergency ultrasound, many relevant pathologies can be recognized or excluded at an early stage. In trauma patients this leads to an improvement in patient management.

Conclusion

With focused emergency ultrasound, important information about the underlying pathologies in patients with life-threatening conditions can be obtained on site and therapeutic actions can be initiated early on.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. F. Sacherer, P. Zechner, A. Seibel, R. Breitkreutz, K. Steiner, G. Wildner und G. Prause geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, LKH Graz West, Göstinger Str. 22, 8020, Graz, Österreich

    F. Sacherer & K. Steiner

  2. Abteilung für Innere Medizin, LKH Graz West, Graz, Österreich

    P. Zechner

  3. Abteilung für Anästhesiologie, Intensiv-und Notfallmedizin, Diakonie Klinikum Jung-Stilling, Siegen, Deutschland

    A. Seibel

  4. Zentrale Notaufnahme, Klinikum der Stadt Frankfurt am Main (Höchst), Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland

    R. Breitkreutz

  5. Abteilung für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich

    G. Wildner & G. Prause

Authors
  1. F. Sacherer
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  2. P. Zechner
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  3. A. Seibel
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  4. R. Breitkreutz
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  5. K. Steiner
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  6. G. Wildner
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  7. G. Prause
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Sacherer.

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Sacherer, F., Zechner, P., Seibel, A. et al. Präklinische Notfallsonographie. Notfall Rettungsmed 18, 449–454 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-014-1969-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-014-1969-x

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