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Effect of water and fluoride content on morphology and barrier layer properties of TiO2 nanotubes grown in ethylene glycol-based electrolytes

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Abstract

This paper studies the effect of H2O and NH4F content on morphology and barrier layer properties of TiO2 nanotubes grown by potentiostatic anodization in ethylene glycol-based electrolytes. The increase in these two variables leads to an increase in the chemical attack of the formed oxide. However, each of these variables plays a different role in the formation of TiO2 nanotubes. On the one hand, a higher percentage of H2O in the electrolyte leads to a transition from a nanoporous to a nanotubular structure, as well as to a greater diameter of the tubes and a decrease in their length and barrier layer thickness. In contrast, a higher NH4F concentration decreases nanotube diameter and increases their length modifying barrier layer properties due to insertion of F− ions into the lattice. This diminishes the barrier layer resistance, but increases both the adsorption and the diffusion coefficient of F− ions. The different roles of H2O and NH4F in film formation are also associated with the presence of sub-oxides detected by XPS.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been given the financial support from CONACyT (Project CB-2008/105655). Próspero Acevedo Peña is grateful to CONACyT for the PhD grant through the program doctorandos nacionales. The authors thank Dr. Patricia Castillo from Laboratorio Central de Microscopía Electrónica (UAM-I) for her assistance in SEM images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Próspero Acevedo-Peña & Ignacio González

  2. Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, UPALM, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, DF, CP. 07738, Mexico

    Luis Lartundo-Rojas

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  1. Próspero Acevedo-Peña
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  2. Luis Lartundo-Rojas
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  3. Ignacio González
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Correspondence to Próspero Acevedo-Peña.

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Acevedo-Peña, P., Lartundo-Rojas, L. & González, I. Effect of water and fluoride content on morphology and barrier layer properties of TiO2 nanotubes grown in ethylene glycol-based electrolytes. J Solid State Electrochem 17, 2939–2947 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2212-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2212-2

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