Abstract
NiCo–Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition in a sulfamate plating bath containing Al2O3 particles to be co-deposited under sonication. For reliable determination of the microstructure, detailed studies on composite cross-sections were carried out by energy-dispersive spectrometer (matrix composition, particle content) and FE-SEM/electron backscattered diffraction data (particle distribution, grain size), accompanied by XRD analyses concerning texture, lattice parameter, grain size, and residual stress. The NiCo matrix with a Co/Co + Ni ratio up to 0.4 is a face-centered cubic solid solution with <100> and <110> fiber textures. The distribution of the particles (size 250 nm) was well-dispersed and enhanced up to 15 wt.% by ultrasound application during plating. Vickers hardness increased up to 50% by dispersion hardening. First-order residual stress in the matrix increased with rising Co content, thus decreasing wear resistance and revealing the complex of composite properties with partially opposite effects.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Müller Y, Schmutz P, Lampke T, Leopold A (2006) Metalloberfläche 60:40–42
Low CTJ, Wills RGA, Walsh FC (2006) Surf Coat Technol 201:371–383
Slipenyuk A, Kuprin V, Milman Y, Goncharuk V, Eckert J (2006) Acta Mater 54:157–166
Chwa SO, Klein D, Liao HL, Dembinski L, Coddet C (2006) Surf Coat Technol 200:5682–5686
Li WY, Zhang C, Liao HL, Li JL, Coddet C (2008) Surf Coat Technol 202:4855–4860
Feng QY, Li TJ, Teng HT, Zhang XL, Zhang Y, Liu CS, Jin JZ (2008) Surf Coat Technol 202:4137–4144
Chen L, Wang L, Zeng Z, Xu T (2006) Surf Coat Technol 201:599–605
Lampke T, Wielage B, Dietrich D, Leopold A (2006) Appl Surf Sci 253:2399–2408
Xia F, Wu M, Wang F, Jia Z, Wang A (2009) Curr Appl Phys 9:44–47
Zheng HY, An MZ (2008) J Alloys Compd 459:548–552
Chang LM, Guo HF, An MZ (2008) Mater Lett 62:3313–3315
Shi L, Sun CF, Zhou F, Liu WM (2006) Appl Surf Sci 252:3591–3599
Shi L, Sun CF, Zhou F, Liu WM (2005) Mater Sci Eng A 397:190–194
Shi L, Sun C, Liu W (2008) Appl Surf Sci 254:6880–6885
Sofer Y, Yarnitzkya Y, Dirnfeld SF (1990) Surf Coat Technol 42:227–236
Wu G, Li N, Zhou DR, Mitsuo K (2003) Surf Coat Technol 176:157–164
Cojocaru P, Spreafico M, Gomez E, Vallés E, Magagnin L (2010) Surf Coat Technol 205:195–199
Pushpavanam M, Manikandan H, Ramanathan K (2007) Surf Coat Technol 201:6372–6379
Ciubotariu AC, Benea L, Varsanyi ML, Dragan V (2008) Electrochim Acta 53:4557–4563
Wei X, Dong H, Lee CH, Jiang K (2008) Mater Lett 62:1916–1918
Gul H, Kilic F, Aslan S, Alp A, Akbulut H (2009) Wear 267:976–990
Brenner A (1963) Electrodeposition of Alloys, vol 2. Academic, New York, pp 246–297
Wu S, Leong T, Kentish S, Ashokkumar M (2009) J Phys Chem B 113:16568–16573
Fischer H (1954) Elektrolytische Abscheidung und Elektronenkristallisation in Metallen. Springer, Berlin
Lampke T, Steinhäuser S, Richter D, Wielage B (2007) Mat-wiss u Werkstofftech 38 1:23–31
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Mr. G. Röllig, Mr. E. Friesen, and Ms. C. Muhr for the materials tests, Ms. G. Fritsche for the XRD studies and especially her as well as Ms. G. Engelhardt for helpful discussions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dietrich, D., Scharf, I., Nickel, D. et al. Ultrasound technique as a tool for high-rate incorporation of Al2O3 in NiCo layers. J Solid State Electrochem 15, 1041–1048 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1348-1
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1348-1