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Theoretical studies on 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol derivatives aimed at finding superior propellants

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Abstract

In an attempt to find superior propellants, 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol (DDNP) and its –NO2, –NH2, –CN, –NC, –ONO2, and –NF2 derivatives were studied at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level of density functional theory (DFT). Sensitivity was evaluated using bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) and molecular surface electrostatic potentials. The C–NO2 bond appears to be the trigger bond during the thermolysis process for these compounds, except for the –ONO2 and –NF2 derivatives. Electrostatic potential results show that electron-withdrawing substituents make the charge imbalance more anomalous, which may change the strength of the bond, especially the weakest trigger bond. Most of the DDNP derivatives have the impact sensitivities that are higher than that of DDNP, making them favorable for use as solid propellants in micro-rockets. The theoretical densities (ρ), heats of formation (HOFs), detonation energies (Q), detonation pressures (P), and detonation velocities (D) of the compounds were estimated. The effects of various substituent groups on ρ, HOF, Q, D, and P were investigated. Some derivatives exhibit perfect detonation properties. The calculated relative specific impulses (I r,sp) of all compounds except for –NH2 derivatives were higher than that of DDNP, and also meet the requirements of propellants.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 11076017) for their support of this work. Yan Liu gratefully thanks Professor Bulat for providing the related program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, PR China

    Yan Liu, Lianjun Wang, Guixiang Wang, Hongchen Du & Xuedong Gong

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  1. Yan Liu
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  2. Lianjun Wang
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  3. Guixiang Wang
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  4. Hongchen Du
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  5. Xuedong Gong
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Correspondence to Xuedong Gong.

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Liu, Y., Wang, L., Wang, G. et al. Theoretical studies on 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol derivatives aimed at finding superior propellants. J Mol Model 18, 1561–1572 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-011-1175-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-011-1175-4

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