Abstract
Objective
To describe the shedding profile of human herpesviruses in the saliva of renal transplant recipients.
Methods
This is a prospective case-control study of 50 renal transplant recipients and control group of 50 individuals (non-transplanted and immunocompetent). Mouthwash samples were collected via oral rinse and then submitted to screening for the presence of eight types of herpesviruses by using multiplex PCR. Fisher’s exact, chi-square, and Student t tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was set at 5%.
Results
The mean age of the study group was 49.42 ± 12.94 years, 28/50 (56%) were female, and the time elapsed after transplantation was 68.20 ± 67.19 months. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) (P = 0.025) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (P = 0.024) were, statistically, more excreted in the saliva of renal transplant recipients compared to control group. Gender (P = 1.00) and age (P = 0.563) did not influence the salivary shedding of herpesviruses in renal transplant recipients. Individuals who excreted varicella-zoster virus in saliva had a shorter mean time of transplantation (22:00 + 2.82 months) (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Renal transplant recipients excreted herpesviruses more often than controls, especially HSV-1 and EBV, with salivary shedding of herpesviruses being more frequent in patients with recent kidney transplantation.
Clinical relevance
The present findings support other longitudinal studies evaluating the relationship between oral shedding of human herpesviruses and clinical presence of active infection and renal transplant failure.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Funding
This study was supported by the Government of Brazil through the National Council for Technological Development (CNPq) according to grant number # 443004/2014-5 and São Paulo State Research Support Foundation (FAPESP) according to grant numbers # 2015/03906-6, #2012/04223-1, and #2013/08242-3.
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All the procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards set by institutional and/or national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration, including its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee for Analysis of Research Project (CAPpesq) under protocol number 290/2011.
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Written informed consent was individually obtained from all participants included in the study.
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de Santana Sarmento, D.J., Tozetto-Mendoza, T.R., Masami Sumita, L. et al. Oral shedding of human herpesviruses in renal transplant recipients. Clin Oral Invest 22, 885–891 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2166-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2166-3