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Opiorphin levels in fluids of burning mouth syndrome patients: a case-control study

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Abstract

Objectives

Idiopathic Burning mouth syndrome (iBMS) is a poorly understood affection characterized by persistent pain in the oral cavity without any clinical or biological abnormality. Opiorphin is a natural inhibitor of enkephalin-inactivating ectopeptidases, mainly produced by salivary glands, that has demonstrated analgesic properties. The objective of the present case-control study was to test the hypothesis of a decrease in opiorphin levels in iBMS patients.

Materials and methods

Twenty-one iBMS patients and 21 matched controls subjects were included between 2011 and 2013. Submandibular and sublingual salivary, blood, and urinary opiorphin levels of iBMS patients were compared to controls.

Results

Results are expressed as mean values ± SD and compared using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Correlations were analyzed with Spearman coefficient. The level of significance was fixed at p < 0.05. Opiorphin levels in iBMS and controls were respectively (in ng/ml) in basal saliva: 37.8 ± 42.5 and 67.6 ± 188.9 (p = NS); stimulated saliva: 28.8 ± 25.3 and 31.1 ± 29.1 (p = NS); blood: 4.6 ± 5.4 and 1.9 ± 1.4 (p < 0.05); and urines: 68.5 ± 259.8 and 8.9 ± 6.2 (p = NS).

Clinical relevance

In conclusion, the lack of significative difference in salivary opiorphin levels between iBMS and controls does not favor a direct local role for opiorphin in the etiopathogeny of iBMS. However, higher blood opiorphin levels may reflect a systemic dysregulation in iBMS.

Trial registration

NCT02686359 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02686359

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant from Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (PHRC OPIODYN# P081106) and Institut Pasteur.

We wish to thank Dr. Nathan Moreau for his help in English editing and the team of the URC: A Mallet, A Bissery, and L Gambotti, for their invaluable conceptual and logistical support; N Cozic for the statistical analysis, and the clinical research assistants V Mellon, V Bessirard, and L Revazian, for their help in Institut Pasteur and GHPS.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UFR Odontologie, Université Paris Diderot, 5, rue Garancière, 75006, Paris, France

    Yves Boucher, Adeline Braud, Vanessa Baaroun & Vianney Descroix

  2. Groupe Hospitalier Pitie Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Paris, France

    Yves Boucher, Scarlette Agbo-Godeau, Vanessa Baaroun & Vianney Descroix

  3. Institut Pasteur, ICAReB platform, Paris, France

    Marie-Thérèse Guinnepain, Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer & Catherine Ottone

  4. Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain, Paris, France

    Evelyne Dufour & Catherine Rougeot

Authors
  1. Yves Boucher
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  2. Adeline Braud
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  3. Evelyne Dufour
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  4. Scarlette Agbo-Godeau
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  5. Vanessa Baaroun
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  6. Vianney Descroix
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  7. Marie-Thérèse Guinnepain
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  8. Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer
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  9. Catherine Ottone
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  10. Catherine Rougeot
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yves Boucher.

Ethics declarations

The study followed the ethical principles of the Helsinki declaration and Good Clinical Practice. All subjects provided written informed consent before inclusion and had their anonymity respected throughout the course of the study. The study was registered under # NCT02686359 (https://clinicaltrials.gov). The reporting of data followed the STROBE statement.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The work was supported by Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (#P081106) and conducted at the Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpetrière (GHPS) and Institut Pasteur, France.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All subjects provided written informed consent before inclusion and had their anonymity respected throughout the course of the study. The study was registered under #NCT02686359 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).

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Boucher, Y., Braud, A., Dufour, E. et al. Opiorphin levels in fluids of burning mouth syndrome patients: a case-control study. Clin Oral Invest 21, 2157–2164 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1991-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1991-0

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