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How light attenuation and filler content affect the microhardness and polymerization shrinkage and translucency of bulk-fill composites?

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Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the microhardness, polymerization shrinkage, and translucency of bulk-fill composites (BFCs) which have different light attenuation properties and filler contents.

Materials and methods

Five BFCs [Filtek Bulk Fill (FB), SureFil SDR (SS), Venus Bulk Fill (VB), SonicFill (SF), and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (TB)] and two resin-based composites (RBCs) [Tetric N-Ceram (TN) and Filtek Z350XT Flowable (ZF)] were chosen. Numbers of transmitted photons, refractive index, microhardness at different thicknesses, polymerization shrinkage, and translucency parameter (TP) were evaluated.

Results

Attenuation coefficients (ACs) based on measured photons ranged from −0.88 to −1.90. BFCs, except SF, had lower AC values than TN or ZF, and BFCs, except TN, had smaller refractive index decreases between top and bottom surfaces. Regardless of an exponential decrease in photon counts, microhardness decreased linearly as specimen thickens. Moreover, microhardness of BFCs showed smaller top-to-bottom decreases (11.5–48.8 %) than TN or ZF (57.3 and 71.5 %, respectively). BFCs with low filler contents showed lower microhardness and higher polymerization shrinkage than those of high filler contents. Also, BFCs had significantly higher (p < 0.001) TP values than TN or ZF.

Conclusion

BFCs attenuated light less than RBCs. However, some BFCs had much lower top surface microhardness and higher polymerization shrinkage than tested RBCs.

Clinical relevance

Despite the convenience of bulk filling, careful selection of BFC is advised because some BFCs have worse microhardness and polymerization shrinkage than RBCs due to their lower filler contents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea

    Sung-Ae Son & Jeong-Kil Park

  2. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea

    Deog-Gyu Seo

  3. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Ching-Chang Ko

  4. Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea

    Yong Hoon Kwon

Authors
  1. Sung-Ae Son
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  2. Jeong-Kil Park
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  3. Deog-Gyu Seo
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  4. Ching-Chang Ko
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Correspondence to Yong Hoon Kwon.

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All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Son, SA., Park, JK., Seo, DG. et al. How light attenuation and filler content affect the microhardness and polymerization shrinkage and translucency of bulk-fill composites?. Clin Oral Invest 21, 559–565 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1920-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1920-2

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