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Vascularization after treatment of gingival recession defects with platelet-rich fibrin or connective tissue graft

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate histologically the following treatment of bilateral localized gingival recessions with coronally advanced flap (CAF) combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) or subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG).

Materials and methods

Tissue samples were harvested from 14 subjects either 1 or 6 months after the surgeries. The 2-mm punch biopsies were obtained from the mid-portion of the grafted sites. Neutral buffered formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded 5-μm thick tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin eosin and Masson’s trichrome in order to analyze the collagen framework, epithelium thickness and rete-peg length. Multiple sequential sections were cut from paraffin-embedded blocks of tissue and immunohistochemically prepared for detection of vascular endothelial growth factor, CD31 and CD34, for the assessment of vascularization.

Results

Rete peg formation was significantly increased in the sites treated with PRF compared to the SCTG group after 6 months (p < 0.05). On the contrary, the number of vessels was increased in the SCTG group compared to the PRF group after 6 months (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the collagen density. Staining intensity of CD31 increased in submucosal area of PRF group than SCTG group after 1 month. Higher staining intensity of CD34 was observed in the submucosal area of PRF group compared with SCTG group after 6 months.

Conclusions

The results of the present study suggest that in histological evaluation because of its biological compounds, PRF results earlier vessel formation and tissue maturation compared to connective tissue graft.

Clinical relevance

PRF regulated the vascular response associated with an earlier wound healing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ege University, Bornova-İzmir, Turkey

    Gülnihal Eren & Gül Atilla

  2. Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Center for Periodontology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA

    Alpdoğan Kantarcı

  3. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Anton Sculean

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  1. Gülnihal Eren
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  2. Alpdoğan Kantarcı
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  3. Anton Sculean
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  4. Gül Atilla
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Correspondence to Gülnihal Eren.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Funding

This work was supported by NIH/NIDCR grant DE020906 and Scientific Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) Grant: BIDEB-2219 International Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Programme.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of Ethics Committee of the Ege University Izmir, Turkey (2012; no:12–12.1/19) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Eren, G., Kantarcı, A., Sculean, A. et al. Vascularization after treatment of gingival recession defects with platelet-rich fibrin or connective tissue graft. Clin Oral Invest 20, 2045–2053 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1697-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1697-8

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