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The comparison of the efficacy of gingival unit graft with connective tissue graft in recession defect coverage: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial

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Abstract

Objectives

Gingival unit graft (GUG) is defined as the modified form of free gingival graft. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy of GUG with connective tissue graft (SCTG) with respect to clinical periodontal parameters and patient comfort scores in gingival recessions.

Materials and methods

Sixteen patients with bilateral recession type 1 (RT1) gingival recessions participated in this randomized and split-mouth study. Thirty-two defects received surgical treatment with SCTG or GUG. The recession defect coverage, periodontal measurements, and patient-reported outcomes (intra- and post-operative patient comfort, aesthetic satisfaction, and hypersensitivity) were evaluated at baseline and post-operative months 1, 3 and 6.

Results

The favorable results were obtained in both study groups in gingival recession depth (RD), gingival recession width (RW), clinical attachment level (CAL), and keratinized tissue width (KTW). The average percentages of the recession defect coverage (RC) for GUG and SCTG group treatments after 6 months were 68.2 ± 33% and 76.4 ± 30.2%, respectively (p > 0.05). Although there was no significant difference between groups at post-operative 6 months (p > 0.05) in terms of RD, RW, CAL, RC, patient comfort, aesthetic satisfaction, and hypersensitivity parameters, the increase in KTW was significantly higher in GUG group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

It was concluded that although both techniques were effective, GUG can be a convenient method for treatment of RT1 gingival recessions with inadequate KTW and (or) shallow vestibule depth.

Clinical relevance

According to the results of this study, GUG may be a preferred choice in localized gingival recessions with a lack of keratinized tissue. The trial registration number: NCT04637451.

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Funding

This study was supported by a grant from Kocaeli University Research Projects Grant 2016/028.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Sibel Kayaalti-Yüksek

  2. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Emre Yaprak

Authors
  1. Sibel Kayaalti-Yüksek
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Contributions

Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis: Sibel Kayaaltı-Yüksek, Emre Yaprak. Data curation: Sibel Kayaaltı-Yüksek. Wrote, proofread the manuscript, and project administration: Sibel Kayaaltı-Yüksek.

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Correspondence to Sibel Kayaalti-Yüksek.

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This article reports a study that involved human participants. All the procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Kayaalti-Yüksek, S., Yaprak, E. The comparison of the efficacy of gingival unit graft with connective tissue graft in recession defect coverage: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial. Clin Oral Invest 26, 2761–2770 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-04252-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-04252-5

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