Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on repeated sprint performance during the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Amino Acids Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of β-alanine supplementation on repeated sprint performance during an intermittent exercise protocol designed to replicate games play. Sixteen elite and twenty non-elite game players performed the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) on two separate occasions. Trials were separated by 4 weeks of supplementation with either β-alanine (BA) or maltodextrin (MD). There was no deterioration in sprint times from Set 1 to Set 6 of the LIST in either group prior to supplementation (elite: P = 0.92; non-elite: P = 0.12). Neither BA nor MD supplementation affected sprint times. Blood lactate concentrations were elevated during exercise in both groups, with no effect of supplementation. β-Alanine supplementation did not significantly improve sprint performance during the LIST. Neither group showed a performance decrement prior to supplementation, which might have masked any benefit from increased muscle buffering capacity due to β-alanine supplementation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Artioli GG, Gualano B, Coelho DF, Benatti FB, Gailey AW, Lancha AH Jr (2007) Does sodium-bicarbonate ingestion improve simulated judo performance. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 17:206–217

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balsom PD, Seger JY, Sjödin B, Ekblom B (1992) Physiological responses to maximal intensity intermittent exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 65:144–149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bate-Smith EC (1938) The buffering of muscle in rigour: protein, phosphate and carnosine. J Physiol 92:336–343

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishop D, Claudius B (2005) Effects of induced metabolic alkalosis on prolonged intermittent-sprint performance. Med Sci Sport Exerc 37:759–767

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop D, Edge J (2006) Determinants of repeated-sprint ability in females matched for single-sprint performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 97:373–379

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop D, Spencer M, Duffield R, Lawrence S (2001) The validity of a repeated sprint ability test. J Sci Med Sport 4:19–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop D, Lawrence S, Spencer M (2003) Predictors of repeated sprint ability in elite female hockey players. J Sci Med Sport 6:199–209

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop D, Edge J, Goodman C (2004) Muscle buffer capacity and aerobic fitness are associated with repeated-sprint ability in women. Eur J Appl Physiol 92:540–547

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bogdanis G, Nevill M, Boobis L, Lakomy H (1996) Contribution of phosphocreatine and aerobic metabolism to energy supply during repeated sprint exercise. J Appl Physiol 80:876–884

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bogdanis GC, Nevill ME, Lakomy HKA, Boobis LH (1998) Power output and muscle metabolism during and following recovery from 10 and 20 s of maximal sprint exercise in humans. Acta Physiol Scand 163:261–272

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson B, Goodman C, Lawrence S, Preen D, Polglaze T, Fitzsimons M, Fournier P (1997) Muscle phosphocreatine repletion following single and repeated short sprint efforts. Scand J Med Sci Sport 7:206–213

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Derave W, Ozdemir MS, Harris RC, Pottier A, Reyngoudt H, Koppo K, Wise JA, Achten E (2007) β-Alanine supplementation augments muscle carnosine content and attenuates fatigue during repeated isokinetic contraction bouts in trained sprinters. J Appl Physiol 103:1736–1743

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donaldson SKB, Hermansen L (1978) Differential direct effects of H+ and Ca2+-activated force of skinned fibres from the soleus, cardiac, adductor magnus muscle of rabbits. Eur J Physiol 376:55–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edge J, Bishop D, Hill-Haas S, Dawson B, Goodman C (2006) Comparison of muscle buffer capacity and repeated sprint ability of untrained, endurance-trained and team-sport athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 96:225–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fabiato A, Fabiato F (1978) Effects of pH on the myofilaments and the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skinned cells from cardiac and skeletal muscles. J Physiol 276:233–235

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaitanos GC, Williams C, Boobis LH, Brooks S (1993) Human muscle metabolism during intermittent maximal exercise. J Appl Physiol 75:712–719

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris RC, Edwards RHT, Hultman E, Nordesjo LO, Nylind B (1976) The time course of phosphorylcreatine resynthesis during recovery of the quadriceps muscle in man. Eur J Physiol 367:137–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris RC, Tallon MJ, Dunnett M, Boobis LH, Coakley J, Kim HJ, Fallowfield JL, Hill CA, Sale C, Wise JA (2006) The absorption of orally supplied β-alanine and its effect on muscle carnosine synthesis in human vastus lateralis. Amino Acids 30:279–289

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill CA (2007) β-Alanine supplementation and high-intensity exercise. Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Southampton

  • Hill CA, Harris RC, Kim HJ, Harris BD, Sale C, Boobis LH, Kim CK, Wise JA (2007) Influence of β-alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle carnosine concentrations and high intensity cycling capacity. Amino Acids 32:225–233

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hobson RM, Saunders B, Ball G, Harris RC, Sale C. Effects of β-alanine supplementation on exercise performance: a review by meta-analysis. Amino Acids (In Press)

  • Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Faigenbaum AD, Ross R, Kang J, Stout JR, Wise JA (2008) Short duration β-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players. Nutr Res 28:31–35

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hultman E, Sjöholm H (1983) Energy metabolism and contraction force of human skeletal muscle in situ during electrical stimulation. J Physiol 345:525–532

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katz A, Costill DL, King DS, Hargreaves M, Fink WJ (1984) Maximal exercise tolerance after induced alkalosis. Int J Sports Med 5:107–110

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Greenhaff PL (1997) Biochemistry of exercise training. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • McGregor SJ, Nicholas CW, Lakomy HKA, Williams C (1999) The influence of intermittent high-intensity shuttle running and fluid ingestion on the performance of a soccer skill. J Sport Sci 17:895–903

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholas CW, Nuttall FE, Williams C (2000) The Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test: a field test that simulates the activity pattern of soccer. J Sport Sci 18:97–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parkhouse WS, McKenzie DC, Hochachka PW, Ovalle WK (1985) Buffering capacity of deproteinized human vastus lateralis muscle. J Appl Physiol 58:14–17

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips SM, Turner AP, Gray S, Sandersonm MF, Sproule J (2010) Ingesting a 6 % carbohydrate-electrolyte solution improves endurance capacity, but not sprint performance, during intermittent, high-intensity shuttle running in adolescent team games players aged 12–14 years. Eur J Appl Physiol 109:811–821

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Price M, Moss P (2007) The effects of work:rest duration on physiological and perceptual responses during intermittent exercise and performance. J Sport Sci 25:1613–1621

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price MJ, Moss P, Rance S (2003) Effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on prolonged intermittent exercise. Med Sci Sport Exerc 35:1303–1308

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rampinini E, Sassi A, Morelli A, Mazzoni S, Fanchini M, Coutts AJ (2009) Repeated-sprint ability in professional and amateur soccer players. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 34:1048–1054

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ramsbottom R, Brewer J, Williams C (1988) A progressive shuttle run test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake. Brit J Sport Med 22:141–144

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sahlin K, Henriksson J (1984) Buffer capacity and lactate accumulation in skeletal muscle of trained and untrained men. Acta Physiol Scand 122:331–339

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sale C, Saunders B, Harris RC (2010) Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine concentrations and exercise performance. Amino Acids 39:321–333

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sale C, Saunders B, Hudson S, Wise JA, Harris RC, Sunderland CD (2011) Effect of beta-alanine plus sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity cycling capacity. Med Sci Sport Exerc 43:1972–1978

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spriet LL, Lindinger MI, McKelvie RS, Heigenhauser GJF, Jones NL (1989) Muscle glycogenolysis and H+ concentration during maximal intermittent cycling. J Appl Physiol 66:8–13

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland C, Nevill ME (2005) High-intensity intermittent running and field hockey skill performance in the heat. J Sport Sci 23:531–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki Y, Ito O, Mukai N, Takahashi H, Takamatsu K (2002) High levels of skeletal muscle carnosine contributes to the latter half of exercise performance during maximal cycle ergometer sprinting. Jap J Physiol 52:199–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sweeney KM, Wright GA, Brice AG, Doberstein ST (2010) The effects of β-alanine supplementation on power performance during repeated sprint activity. J Strength Cond Res 24:79–87

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tallon MJ, Harris RC, Boobis LH, Fallowfield JL, Wise JA (2005) The carnosine content of vastus lateralis is elevated in resistance-trained bodybuilders. J Strength Cond Res 19:725–729

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trivedi B, Daniforth WH (1984) Effect of pH on the kinetics of frog muscle phosphofructokinase. J Biol Chem 241:4110–4112

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank National Alternatives International, San Marcos, California for providing the β-alanine (Carnosyn™) and Maltodextrin supplements. The results of the present investigation do not constitute endorsement by Amino Acids.

Conflict of interest

We declare that we received β-alanine and maltodextrin supplies from NAI to undertake this study, though no additional funding was provided. Roger Harris is an independent paid consultant of NAI, is named as an inventor on patents held by NAI, and is in receipt of other research grants awarded by NAI.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Caroline Sunderland.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Saunders, B., Sale, C., Harris, R.C. et al. Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on repeated sprint performance during the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test. Amino Acids 43, 39–47 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-012-1268-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-012-1268-0

Keywords

Navigation