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Waterlogging resistance and evaluation of physiological mechanism of three peach (Prunus persica) rootstocks

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Abstract

Waterlogging occurs due to poor soil drainage or excessive rainfall. It is a serious abiotic stress factor that negatively affects crop growth. Waterlogging often causes plants to shed leaves, fruits, and, ultimately, to die. Peach (Prunus persica) trees are generally intolerant to waterlogging, and the primary peach rootstock used in Chinais “Maotao,” which has very poor resistance to sensitivity. Therefore, waterlogging has become a restriction on the development of the peach industry in many regions. In this experiment, we tested the waterlogging resistance of “Maotao (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch)” (MT), “Shannong1 (GF677 × Cadaman)” (SN1), and “Mirabolano 29C (Prunus cerasifera)” (M29C) rootstocks. Using a simulated waterlogging method, the effects of waterlogging on the photosynthetic system, leaf pigments, osmotic adjustment, lipid membrane peroxidation, and antioxidant system of these three peach rootstocks were studied, and the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and fluorescence imaging were observed. The results showed that, with prolonged waterlogging, the photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthesis of the three peach rootstocks decreased rapidly, but the decomposition rate of SN1 and M29C chlorophyll was slower, and it still had high light energy absorption and energy transfer capabilities under waterlogging stress, which reduced the damage caused by waterlogging stress; under the stress of flooding, the osmoregulatory substances of the three rootstocks increased to varying degrees compared with normal conditions. At the same time, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity in the leaves of the three rootstocks under flooding stress all increased and then decreased; during this period, malondialdehyde (MDA) continued to increase, and SN1 and M29C were significantly lower than MT; and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and electron transfer rate (ETR) decreased significantly. The tolerance of SN1 and M29C to waterlogging was significantly better than that of MT rootstocks. The rootstock and grafted seedlings of SN1 have good waterlogging tolerance.

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Data Availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFD1000103) and the National Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System Fund (Grant No. CARS-30-2-02).

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  1. Binbin Zhang and Maoxiang Sun contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China

    Binbin Zhang, Maoxiang Sun, Wenxin Liu, Min Lian, Sankui Yang, Futian Peng & Yuansong Xiao

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  1. Binbin Zhang
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Contributions

Binbin Zhang: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, review, editing, and supervision. Maoxiang Sun: writing, review, editing, and supervision. Wenxin Liu: formal analysis and investigation. Min Lian: investigation. Sankui Yang: writing, review, editing, and supervision. Futian Peng: supervision, resources, and funding acquisition. Yuansong Xiao: formal analysis and investigation.

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Correspondence to Futian Peng or Yuansong Xiao.

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Highlights

• Waterlogging had a significant negative effect on the photosynthetic and gas exchange parameters of both rootstocks and grafted seedlings.

• Waterlogging had a significant negative effect on membrane lipid peroxidation and ROS accumulation in leaves of both rootstocks and grafted seedlings.

• Waterlogging induced antioxidant enzymes and osmotic adjustment in both rootstocks and grafted seedlings.

• The tolerance of SN1 and M29C to waterlogging was significantly better than that of MT rootstocks.

The original online version of this article was revised: Figures 5, 6 and 7 were incorrectly renumbered in the published proof.

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Zhang, B., Sun, M., Liu, W. et al. Waterlogging resistance and evaluation of physiological mechanism of three peach (Prunus persica) rootstocks. Protoplasma 260, 1375–1388 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-023-01850-w

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