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Physiological and biochemical changes in plants under waterlogging

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Abstract

Waterlogging usually results from overuse and/or poor management of irrigation water and is a serious constraint with damaging effects. The rapidly depleting oxygen from submerged root zone is sensed and plant adjusts expressing anaerobic proteins. Plant cells shift their metabolism towards low energy yielding anaerobic fermentation pathways in the absence of oxygen. Structural modifications are also induced as aerenchyma formation and adventitious rootings, etc. Studies at molecular and biochemical levels to facilitate early perception and subsequent responses have also been worked out to produce resistant transgenic plants. This review explores the sequential changes of plant responses at different levels regarding their defense strategies and efforts made to enhance them, tailoring crucial regulators so that they can withstand waterlogging stress.

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Abbreviations

O2−:

Superoxide

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ANPs:

Anaerobically induced polypeptides

ACC :

1-Aminoacyl cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

Ci :

Internal carbon dioxide

CER:

CO2 exchange rate

SuSy:

Sucrose synthase

CAT:

Catalase

POX:

Peroxidase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

PM-NR:

Plasma membrane–nitrate reductase

cNR:

Cytosolic nitrate reductase

ADH:

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Hb:

Hemoglobin

xet-1:

Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase-1

PGA:

3-Phosphoglycerate

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  1. Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India

    Mohd Irfan, Shamsul Hayat, Qaiser Hayat & Shaheena Afroz

  2. Department of Applied Sciences, Higher College of Technology, Al-Khuwair, Sultanate of Oman

    Aqil Ahmad

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Irfan, M., Hayat, S., Hayat, Q. et al. Physiological and biochemical changes in plants under waterlogging. Protoplasma 241, 3–17 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-009-0098-8

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