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Growth-promoting bacteria and natural regulators mitigate salt toxicity and improve rapeseed plant performance

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Abstract

Salinity is a major environmental stress that limits plant production and portraits a critical challenge to food security in the world. In this research, the impacts of plant growth–promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas RS-198 and Azospirillum brasilense RS-SP7) and foliar application of plant hormones (salicylic acid 1 mM and jasmonic acid 0.5 mM) on alleviating the harmful effects of salt stress in rapeseed plants (Brassica napus cv. okapi) were examined under greenhouse condition. Salt stress diminished rapeseed biomass, leaf area, water content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chlorophyll content, while it increased sodium content, endogenous salicylic and jasmonic acids, osmolyte production, H2O2 and O2•− generations, TBARS content, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Plant growth, nutrient content, leaf expansion, osmolyte production, and antioxidant enzyme activities were increased, but oxidative and osmotic stress indicators were decreased by bacteria inoculation + salicylic acid under salt stress. Antioxidant enzyme activities were amplified by jasmonic acid treatments under salt stress, although rapeseed growth was not generally affected by jasmonic acid. Bacterial + hormonal treatments were superior to individual treatments in reducing detrimental effects of salt stress. The best treatment in rectifying rapeseed growth under salt stress was combination of Pseudomonas and salicylic acid. This combination attenuated destructive salinity properties and subsequently amended rapeseed growth via enhancing endogenous salicylic acid content and some essential nutrients such as potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate the University of Tabriz and East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center for supporting this research project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Salar Farhangi-Abriz & Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani

  2. Soil and Water Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran

    Alireza Tavasolee

  3. Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

    Shahram Torabian

  4. Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran

    Hassan Monirifar

  5. Soil and Water Research Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran

    Hadi Asadi Rahmani

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  1. Salar Farhangi-Abriz
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  2. Alireza Tavasolee
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  3. Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani
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Correspondence to Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani.

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Farhangi-Abriz, S., Tavasolee, A., Ghassemi-Golezani, K. et al. Growth-promoting bacteria and natural regulators mitigate salt toxicity and improve rapeseed plant performance. Protoplasma 257, 1035–1047 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-020-01493-1

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