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Cellular pathways for viral transport through plasmodesmata

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Abstract

Plant viruses use plasmodesmata (PD) to spread infection between cells and systemically. Dependent on viral species, movement through PD can occur in virion or non-virion form, and requires different mechanisms for targeting and modification of the pore. These mechanisms are supported by viral movement proteins and by other virus-encoded factors that interact among themselves and with plant cellular components to facilitate virus movement in a coordinated and regulated fashion.

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Abbreviations

AbMV:

Abutilon mosaic virus

AMV:

Alfalfa mosaic virus

BDMV:

Bean dwarf mosaic virus

BMV:

Brome mosaic virus

BYV:

Beet yellows virus

CaMV:

Cauliflower mosaic virus

CMV:

Cucumber mosaic virus

CPMV:

Cowpea mosaic virus

GFLV:

Grapevine fanleaf virus

GRV:

Groundnut rosette virus

PMTV:

Potato mop-top virus

PPV:

Plum pox virus

PsbMV:

Pea seed-borne mosaic virus

PVX:

Potato virus X

PVY:

Potato virus Y

TCrLYV:

Tomato crinkle leaf yellows virus

TEV:

Tobacco etch virus

TGMV:

Tomato golden mosaic virus

TLCV:

Tomato leaf curl virus

TMV:

Tobacco mosaic virus

ToMV:

Tomato mosaic virus

TSWV:

Tomato spotted wilt virus

TVCV:

Turnip vein clearing virus

WClMV:

White clover mosaic virus

CP:

Coat protein

EB1:

Microtubule end-binding protein 1

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

HC-Pro:

Helper component-protease

HR:

Hypersensitive response

HSF:

Heat-shock factor

MP:

Movement protein

MT:

Microtubules

NCAP:

Non-cell-autonomous protein

NIG:

NSP-interacting ATPase

NSP:

Nuclear shuttle protein

PD:

Plasmodesmata

PDLP:

Plasmodesmata-localized protein

PME:

Pectin-methylesterase

vRNA:

Viral RNA

RDR:

RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase

RISC:

RNA-induced silencing complex

RNP:

Ribonucleoprotein complex

SEL:

Size exclusion limit

TGB:

Triple gene block

VRC:

Viral replication complex

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Acknowledgments

AN was supported by HFSPO Research Program Grant 22/2006. We thank Eduardo Peña for providing images of virus infection shown in Fig. 1.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg, France

    Annette Niehl & Manfred Heinlein

  2. Botanical Institute, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 1, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland

    Manfred Heinlein

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  1. Annette Niehl
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Niehl, A., Heinlein, M. Cellular pathways for viral transport through plasmodesmata. Protoplasma 248, 75–99 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-010-0246-1

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