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Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus with intact or mutant transcriptional activator proteins: complexity of cotton leaf curl disease

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Abstract

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a serious disease of cotton on the Indian subcontinent. In the present study, three cotton leaf curl viruses, cotton leaf curl Burewala virus (CLCuBuV), cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKoV) and cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMV), and their associated satellites, cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) and cotton leaf curl Multan alphasatellite (CLCuMA), were detected. CLCuBuV with either intact (CLCuBuV-1) or mutant (CLCuBuV-2) transcriptional activator protein (TrAP) were detected in different plants. Agroinoculation with CLCuBuV-1 or CLCuBuV-2 together with CLCuMB and CLCuMA, resulted in typical leaf curling and stunting of tobacco plants. Inoculation with CLCuKoV or an isolate of CLCuMV (CLCuMV-2), together with CLCuMB and CLCuMA, induced severe leaf curling, while the other isolate of CLCuMV (CLCuMV-1), which was recombinant in origin, showed mild leaf curling in tobacco. To investigate the effect of intact or mutant TrAP and also the recombination events, CLCuBuV-1, CLCuBuV-2, CLCuMV-1 or CLCuMV-2 together with the satellites (CLCuMA and CLCuMB) were transferred to cotton via whitefly-mediated transmission. Cotton plants containing CLCuBuV-1, CLCuBuV-2 or CLCuMV-2 together with satellites showed curling and stunting, whereas the plants having CLCuMV-1 and the satellites showed only mild and indistinguishable symptoms. CLCuBuV-1 (intact TrAP) showed severe symptoms in comparison to CLCuBuV-2 (mutant TrAP). The present study reveals that two types of CLCuBuV, one with an intact TrAP and the other with a mutant TrAP, exist in natural infection of cotton in India. Additionally, CLCuMuV-1, which has a recombinant origin, induces mild symptoms in comparison to the other CLCuMV isolates.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, for support. JK and SG are thankful to CSIR for providing a senior research fellowship.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India

      Jitendra Kumar, Anshu Alok, Joy K. Roy & Sudhir P. Singh

    2. Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India

      Jitendra Kumar, Anshu Alok, Adarsh Lalit & Naresh C. Sharma

    3. Department of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, India

      Samatha Gunapati & Rekha Gadre

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    1. Jitendra Kumar
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    2. Samatha Gunapati
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    Correspondence to Jitendra Kumar or Sudhir P. Singh.

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    J. Kumar and S. Gunapati contributed equally.

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    Kumar, J., Gunapati, S., Alok, A. et al. Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus with intact or mutant transcriptional activator proteins: complexity of cotton leaf curl disease. Arch Virol 160, 1219–1228 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2384-4

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