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A high degree of African streak virus diversity within Nigerian maize fields includes a new mastrevirus from Axonopus compressus

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Abstract

The A-strain of maize streak virus (MSV-A; genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae), the causal agent of maize streak disease, places a major constraint on maize production throughout sub-Saharan Africa. In West-African countries such as Nigeria, where maize is not cultivated year-round, this MSV strain is forced to overwinter in non-maize hosts. In order to both identify uncultivated grasses that might harbour MSV-A during the winter season and further characterise the diversity of related maize-associated streak viruses, we collected maize and grass samples displaying streak symptoms in a number of Nigerian maize fields. From these we isolated and cloned 18 full mastrevirus genomes (seven from maize and 11 from various wild grass species). Although only MSV-A isolates were obtained from maize, both MSV-A and MSV-F isolates were obtained from Digitaria ciliaris. Four non-MSV African streak viruses were also sampled, including sugarcane streak Reunion virus and Urochloa streak virus (USV) from Eleusine coacana, USV from Urochloa sp., maize streak Reunion virus (MSRV) from both Setaria barbata and Rottboellia sp., and a novel highly divergent mastrevirus from Axonopus compressus, which we have tentatively named Axonopus compressus streak virus (ACSV). Besides the discovery of this new mastrevirus species and expanding the known geographical and host ranges of MSRV, we have added D. ciliaris to the list of uncultivated species within which Nigerian MSV-A isolates are possibly able to overwinter.

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Acknowledgments

DPM and AV are supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa. SK is supported by a School of Biological Sciences (University of Canterbury, New Zealand) scholarship. DNS is supported by PANNAR (Pty) Ltd.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Production, Soil and Environmental Management, Bowen University, P.M.B. 284, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria

    Sunday Oluwafemi

  2. School of Biological Sciences and Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand

    Simona Kraberger & Arvind Varsani

  3. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa

    Dionne N. Shepherd

  4. Computational Biology Group, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa

    Darren P. Martin

  5. Department of Plant Pathology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Arvind Varsani

  6. Electron Microscope Unit, Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa

    Arvind Varsani

Authors
  1. Sunday Oluwafemi
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  2. Simona Kraberger
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  3. Dionne N. Shepherd
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  4. Darren P. Martin
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  5. Arvind Varsani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arvind Varsani.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

705_2014_2090_MOESM1_ESM.doc

Genome sequence annotations of ACSV [NG-g84-oba-2007]. Sequence regions either known or believed to have some biological function are marked on the nucleotide sequence alignment. (DOC 28 kb)

705_2014_2090_MOESM2_ESM.doc

Annotated replication-associated protein, coat protein and movement protein amino acid sequences of ACSV [NG-g84-oba-2007]. Highlighted are rolling-circle replication motifs (Rep), potential nuclear localization signals (CP), DNA-binding domains (CP and Rep), and a putative hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain (MP). (DOC 44 kb)

Appendix

Appendix

GenBank accession numbers:

MSV-F [NG-ng2-Zar-2011]: KJ437654

MSV-F [NG-ng3-Zar-2011]: KJ437655

MSV-F [NG-ng17-Sam-2011]: KJ437656

MSV-A [NG-ng13-Sam-2011]: KJ437657

MSV-A [NG-ng25-Mil-2011]: KJ437658

MSV-A [NG-ng32-Mil-2011]: KJ437659

MSV-A [NG-ng36-Mil-2011]: KJ437660

MSV-A [NG-ng4-Zar-2011]: KJ437661

MSV-A [NG-ng5-Zar-2011]: KJ437662

MSV-A [NG-ng6-Bin-2011]: KJ437663

MSV-A [NG-ng8-Ife-2011]: KJ437664

USV [NG-ng23-Sam1-2011]: KJ437665

USV [NG-ng27-mil21-2011]: KJ437666

USV [NG-ng28-mil1-2011]: KJ437667

SSRV-B [NG-ng1-Sam-2011]: KJ437668

MSRV [NG-ng11-Ife-2011]: KJ437669

MSRV [NG-NG9-Ife-2011 ]: KJ437670

ACSV [NG-g84-oba-2007]: KJ437671

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Oluwafemi, S., Kraberger, S., Shepherd, D.N. et al. A high degree of African streak virus diversity within Nigerian maize fields includes a new mastrevirus from Axonopus compressus . Arch Virol 159, 2765–2770 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2090-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2090-7

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