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Pathobiological characterization of low-pathogenicity H5 avian influenza viruses of diverse origins in chickens, ducks and turkeys

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Abstract

We undertook one of the most comprehensive studies on the replication and intraspecies transmission characteristics of low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in ducks, chickens and turkeys. Our results indicated that most of these isolates could replicate and be transmitted in poultry without inducing clinical disease. However, differences in transmission to contact control birds were noted, emphasizing the importance of having contact control cage mates in biological characterization experiments. Ducks supported the replication of viruses of wild aquatic bird origin in their respiratory and digestive tracts equally well. The viruses from wild aquatic birds were not effectively transmitted among chickens. In contrast, the wild-bird isolates and viruses of domestic bird origin from live-bird markets and commercial poultry operations replicated and were transmitted more efficiently in turkeys than in chickens or ducks. We also found a lower minimal infectious dose requirement for infection of turkeys compared to chickens and ducks. Our data support an important role of turkeys as being more susceptible hosts for avian influenza viruses than domestic ducks and chickens. These results highlight the role of turkeys as intermediate or bridging hosts in the transmission of influenza viruses from wild birds to land-based domestic poultry or among different land-based bird species.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Megan Strother and Keumsuk Hong for their technical assistance with this work. The partial data from two isolates (mute swan/MI/06 and parrot/CA/04) have been published previously (20, 26). This work was supported in part by the USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement (#58-6612-6-237).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA

    S. P. S. Pillai, Y. M. Saif & C.-W. Lee

  2. Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    S. P. S. Pillai, Y. M. Saif & C.-W. Lee

  3. Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, 30605, USA

    M. Pantin-Jackwood & D. L. Suarez

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  1. S. P. S. Pillai
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  2. M. Pantin-Jackwood
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  3. D. L. Suarez
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  4. Y. M. Saif
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  5. C.-W. Lee
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Correspondence to C.-W. Lee.

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Pillai, S.P.S., Pantin-Jackwood, M., Suarez, D.L. et al. Pathobiological characterization of low-pathogenicity H5 avian influenza viruses of diverse origins in chickens, ducks and turkeys. Arch Virol 155, 1439–1451 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0727-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0727-8

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