Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic analysis of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different virulence isolated in China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The S1 and SY0608 strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were individually isolated and had different pathogenicity in pigs in 1997 and 2006. In order to understand their genomic characteristics, the full-length genome of S1 and SY0608 isolates were sequenced and analyzed. The results indicated that their genome composition differed significantly and shared only 88.5% nucleotide identity with each other. The genetic variation and amino acid substitutions were not randomly distributed in the genome, and mainly focused on ORF1a, ORF3 and ORF5. The SY0608 strain, with high pathogenicity, had a 30-amino-acid deletion at amino acid positions 480 and 532-560 in comparison with the S1 strain. The alignment of amino acid sequence of Nsp1-Nsp8, GP2-GP5, M and N of S1 and SY0608 with other PRRSV isolates demonstrated that variation was mainly found in the Nsp2, GP3 and GP5 proteins. In comparison with the S1 strain, the SY0608 strain showed some potential glycosylation site mutations in GP5 at amino acid positions between 26 and 39, which might be associated with viral antigenicity. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two strains belonged to two different branches that do not indicate differences in pathogenicity. Interestingly, the deletion strains isolated recently in China formed a new minor branch, revealing the same evolutionary trend.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. An TQ, Zhou YJ, Liu GQ, Tian ZJ, Li J, Qiu HJ, Tong GZ (2007) Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein 5 of PRRSV isolates in mainland China from 1996 to 2006: coexistence of two NA-subgenotypes with great diversity. Vet Microbiol 123:43–52

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Andreyev VG, Wesley RD, Mengeling WL, Vorwald AC, Lager KM (1997) Genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of 22 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) field strains based on sequence analysis of open reading frame 5. Arch Virol 142:993–1001

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ansari IH, Kwon B, Osorio FA, Pattnaik AK (2006) Influence of N-linked glycosylation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 on virus infectivity, antigenicity, and ability to induce neutralizing antibodies. J Virol 80:3994–4004

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. de Lima M, Pattnaik AK, Flores EF, Osorio FA (2006) Serologic marker candidates identified among B-cell linear epitopes of Nsp2 and structural proteins of a North American strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Virology 353:410–421

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Dea S, Gagnon CA, Mardassi H, Pirzadeh B, Rogan D (2000) Current knowledge on the structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus: comparison of the North American and European isolates. Arch Virol 145:659–688

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Domingo E, Díez J, Mártínez MA, Hernández J, Holguín A, Borrego B, Mateu MG (1993) New observations on antigenic diversification of RNA viruses. Antigenic variation is not dependent on immune selection. J Gen Virol 74:2039–2045

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Duarte EA, Novella N, Weaver SC, Domingo E, Wain-Hobson S, Clarke DK, Moya A, Elena SF, de la Torre JC, Holland JJ. (1994) RNA virus quasispecies: significance for viral disease and epidemiology. Infect Agents Dis 3:201–214

  8. Faaberg KS, Plagemann PG (1995) The envelope proteins of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus and their membrane topography. Virology 212:512–525

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Faaberg KS, Hocker JD, Erdman MM, Harris DL, Nelson EA, Torremorell M, Plagemann PG (2006) Neutralizing antibody responses of pigs infected with natural GP5 N-glycan mutants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Viral Immunol 19:294–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Fang Y, Kim DY, Ropp S, Steen P, Christopher-Hennings J, Nelson EA, Rowland RR (2004) Heterogeneity in Nsp2 of European-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses isolated in the United States. Virus Res 100:229–235

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Fang Y, Rowland RR, Roof M, Lunney JK, Christopher-Hennings J, Nelson EA (2006) A full-length cDNA infectious clone of North American type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: expression of green fluorescent protein in the Nsp2 region. J Virol 80:11447–11455

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Fang Y, Schneider P, Zhang WP, Faaberg KS, Nelson EA, Rowland RR (2007) Diversity and evolution of a newly emerged North American Type 1 porcine arterivirus: analysis of isolates collected between 1999 and 2004. Arch Virol 152:1009–1017

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Halbur PG, Miller LD, Paul PS, Meng XJ, Huffman EL, Andrews JJ (1995) Immunohistochemical identification of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antigen in the heart and lymphoid system of 3-week-old colostrum-deprived pigs. Vet Pathol 32:200–204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Jiang P, Chen PY, Dong YY, Cai JL, Cai BX, Jiang ZH (2000) Isolation and genome characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in P. R. China. J Vet Diagn Invest 12:156–158

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kapur V, Elam MR, Pawlovich TM, Murtaugh MP (1996) Genetic variation in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates in the midwestern United States. J Gen Virol 77(Pt 6):1271–1276

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Key KF, Haqshenas G, Guenette DK, Swenson SL, Toth TE, Meng XJ (2001) Genetic variation and phylogenetic analyses of the ORF5 gene of acute porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. Vet Microbiol 83:249–263

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Key KF, DiCristina J, Gillespie J, Guenette DK, Meng XJ (2007) Direct inoculation of RNA transcripts from an infectious cDNA clone of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) into the lymph nodes and tonsils of pigs initiates PRRSV infection in vivo. Arch Virol 152:1383–1387

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Kiss I, Sami L, Kecskemeti S, Hanada K (2006) Genetic variation of the prevailing porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome viruses occurring on a pig farm upon vaccination. Arch Virol 151:2269–2276

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Li Y, Wang X, Bo K, Wang X, Tang B, Yang B, Jiang W, Jiang P (2007) Emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the Mid-Eastern region of China. Vet J 174:577–584

    Google Scholar 

  20. Li YF, Jiang P, Xu JR, Jiang WM (2006) Genomic sequencing of S1 strain of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate. Virologica Sinica 21:490–493

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Mateu E, Diaz I, Darwich L, Casal J, Martin M, Pujols J (2006) Evolution of ORF5 of Spanish porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains from 1991 to 2005. Virus Res 115:198–206

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Meulenberg JJ, Hulst MM, de Meijer EJ, Moonen PL, den Besten A, de Kluyver EP, Wensvoort G, Moormann RJ (1993) Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV. Virology 192:62–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Nielsen J, Botner A, Tingstedt JE, Aasted B, Johnsen CK, Riber U, Lind P (2003) In utero infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus modulates leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar fluid of surviving piglets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 93:135–151

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Oleksiewicz MB, Botner A, Toft P, Normann P, Storgaard T (2001) Epitope mapping porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by phage display: the nsp2 fragment of the replicase polyprotein contains a cluster of B-cell epitopes. J Virol 75:3277–3290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Pirzadeh B, Gagnon CA, Dea S (1998) Genomic and antigenic variations of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus major envelope GP5 glycoprotein. Can J Vet Res 62:170–177

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Ropp SL, Wees CE, Fang Y, Nelson EA, Rossow KD, Bien M, Arndt B, Preszler S, Steen P, Christopher-Hennings J, Collins JE, Benfield DA, Faaberg KS (2004) Characterization of emerging European-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates in the United States. J Virol 78:3684–3703

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Rowland RR, Kervin R, Kuckleburg C, Sperlich A, Benfield DA (1999) The localization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein to the nucleolus of infected cells and identification of a potential nucleolar localization signal sequence. Virus Res 64:1–12

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Yan Y, Guo X, Ge X, Chen Y, Cha Z, Yang H (2007) Monoclonal antibody and porcine antisera recognized B-cell epitopes of Nsp2 protein of a Chinese strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Virus Res 126:207–215

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Yoon SH, Song JY, Lee CH, Choi EJ, Cho IS, Kim B (2008) Genetic characterization of the Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses based on the nucleocapsid protein gene (ORF7) sequences. Arch Virol 153:627–635

    Google Scholar 

  30. Yoshii M, Kaku Y, Murakami Y, Shimizu M, Kato K, Ikeda H (2005) Genetic variation and geographic distribution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Japan. Arch Virol 150:2313–2324

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Yoshii M, Okinaga T, Miyazaki A, Kato K, Ikeda H, Tsunemitsu H (2008) Genetic polymorphism of the nsp2 gene in North American type—porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Arch Virol 153:1323–1334

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by national key technology R&D program (2007BAD86B02-3, 2006BAD06A04), Jiangsu province key technology R&D program (BE2007342), foundation for PhD students training program, Ministry of Education (20060307012), and youth renovation fund of Nanjing Agriculture University (0980600238).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Yufeng Li, Xinglong Wang, Ping Jiang, Wen Chen & Xianwei Wang

  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China

    Ping Jiang

Authors
  1. Yufeng Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xinglong Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ping Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wen Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xianwei Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ping Jiang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, Y., Wang, X., Jiang, P. et al. Genetic analysis of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different virulence isolated in China. Arch Virol 153, 1877–1884 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-008-0207-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-008-0207-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation