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Inhibitory effect of vasopressin receptor antagonist OPC-31260 on experimental brain oedema induced by global cerebral ischaemia

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Summary

The effects of the non-peptide vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist 5-dimethylamino-1-[4-(2-methylbenzoylamino)benzoyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzazepine hydrochloride (OPC-31260) on the cerebral oedema induced by general cerebral hypoxia were studied in rats. The general cerebral hypoxia was produced by bilateral common carotid ligation in Sprague-Dawley rats of the CFY strain. By 6 h after the ligation, half of the rats had died, but the survival rate was significantly higher following OPC-31260 administration. Electron microscopic examinations revealed typical ischaemic changes after the carotid ligation. The carotid ligation increased the brain contents of water and Na+ and enhanced the plasma vasopressin level. The increased brain water and Na+ accumulation was prevented by OPC-31260 administration, but the plasma vasopressin level was further enhanced by OPC-31260. These results demonstrate the important role of vasopressin in the development of the disturbances in brain water and electrolyte balance in response to general cerebral hypoxia. The carotid ligation-induced cerebral oedema was significantly reduced following oral OPC-31260 administration. The protective mechanism exerted by OPC-31260 stems from its influence on the renal vasopressin V2 receptors. These observations might suggest an effective approach to the treatment of global hypoxia-induced cerebral oedema in humans.

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Correspondence to F. A. László.

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Correspondence: Ferenc A. László, MD, DSc, Department of Comparative Physiology, University of Sciences, Középfasor 52, Szeged H-6726, Hungary.

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Molnár, A., Varga, C., Berkó, A. et al. Inhibitory effect of vasopressin receptor antagonist OPC-31260 on experimental brain oedema induced by global cerebral ischaemia. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 150, 265–271 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-007-1400-1

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