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Genealogical analysis of subspecies divergence and spikelet-shape diversification in central Eurasian wild wheat Aegilops tauschii Coss.

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Abstract

The genealogical and geographic structure of variation in spikelet morphology was analyzed for central Eurasian wild wheat Aegilops tauschii Coss. using a diverse array of 203 sample accessions that represented the entire species range. In this sample set, two subspecies were identified on the basis of sensu-stricto criteria: only the accessions having markedly moniliform spikes were assigned to Ae. tauschii Coss. subspecies strangulata (Eig) Tzvel., whereas those having mildly moniliform and cylindrical spikes to Ae. tauschii Coss. subspecies tauschii. In a graph of the first two axes from a principal component analysis based on nine spikelet traits, the plots of the two subspecies formed separate clusters, indicating that subspecies strangulata sens. str. is a practically usable taxon. Chloroplast-DNA-based genealogical analyses suggested that subspecies strangulata diverged from an ancestor that carried a specific chloroplast DNA type, whereas, after divergence, this subspecies became polyphyletic, likely through hybridization. Geographically, significant longitudinal and latitudinal clines were detected for spikelet size, with spikelets tending to be small in the eastern and southern regions. These results shed some light on the patterns of subspecies divergence and spikelet-shape diversification in the course of Ae. tauschii’s long-distance dispersal from the Transcaucasus to China.

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Acknowledgments

We thank J. Valkoun (ICARDA), J. Konopka (ICARDA), H. Bockelman (USDA), A. Graner (IPK), L. Visser (CGN), and K. Kato (Okayama Univ.) for the Ae. tauschii accession seeds. This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (Basic Research A, No. 17201045).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fukui Prefectural University, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1195, Japan

    Yoshihiro Matsuoka

  2. Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai-cho 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan

    Emi Nishioka & Shigeo Takumi

  3. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Muko, 617-0001, Japan

    Taihachi Kawahara

Authors
  1. Yoshihiro Matsuoka
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  2. Emi Nishioka
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  3. Taihachi Kawahara
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  4. Shigeo Takumi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shigeo Takumi.

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Y. Matsuoka and E. Nishioka have contributed equally to this work.

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Matsuoka, Y., Nishioka, E., Kawahara, T. et al. Genealogical analysis of subspecies divergence and spikelet-shape diversification in central Eurasian wild wheat Aegilops tauschii Coss.. Plant Syst Evol 279, 233–244 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0159-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0159-7

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