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Fabrication of a simple 3D-printed microfluidic device with embedded electrochemiluminescence detection for rapid determination of sibutramine in dietary supplements

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Abstract

The design and fabrication of a simple 3D-printed platform with embedded electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection for sibutramine determination is described. The microfluidic platform was fabricated by the fused deposition 3D-printing technique with polylactic acid filament, facilitated by computer-aided design (CAD). A three-electrode system was integrated into the device using graphene carbon paste as a working electrode, Ag/AgCl wire as a reference, and a graphite rod as a counter electrode. A further modification was carried out by applying bimetallic Au-Pt nanoparticle-supported multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-Au-Pt) on the working electrode surface to enhance the electrocatalytic performance by exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. The analytical feasibility of the CAD-ECL sensor was tested through its application for the determination of sibutramine in dietary supplements. Under the optimized conditions, based on the enhancing effect of luminol emission, the device exhibited a linear calibration curve of the logarithmic sibutramine concentration versus ECL intensity in the range 5 × 10−3 to 1 ng mL−1. The limit of detection was 3 pg mL−1 with a relative standard deviation of 1.7% (n = 15). The 3D-printed prototype can be successfully applied to a small-scale analysis in a simple and cost-effective approach.

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Data Availability

Data of this reasearch is included in the manuscript and supplementary material, any other data can be provided upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Science and Technology Service Centre, Faculty of Science, Maejo University provided valuable assistance with the nanostructure investigations.

Funding

N. Praoboon gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program of the Thailand Research Fund for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand

    Nisachon Praoboon, Tanin Tangkuaram, Pusit Pookmanee, Sirirat Phaisansuthichol & Sakchai Satienperakul

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand

    Viruntachar Kruefu

  3. Department of Industrial Chemistry Innovation, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand

    Surasak Kuimalee & Nattapol Laorodphan

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  1. Nisachon Praoboon
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Contributions

All authors contributed to conceptualization of this manuscript. Nisachon Praoboon: methodology and design, formal analysis and investigation, and writing—original draft. Tanin Tangkuaram and Viruntachar Kruefu: methodology and design, and resources. Surasak Kuimalee and Nattapol Laorodphan: methodology and design, validation and editing. Pusit Pookmanee and Sirirat Phaisansuthichol: editing and supervision, Sakchai Satienperakul: methodology and design, formal analysis and investigation, validation, funding acquisition, resources, writing—review and editing, and supervision.

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Correspondence to Sakchai Satienperakul.

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Praoboon, N., Tangkuaram, T., Kruefu, V. et al. Fabrication of a simple 3D-printed microfluidic device with embedded electrochemiluminescence detection for rapid determination of sibutramine in dietary supplements. Microchim Acta 190, 145 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-05725-y

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