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Immunoassay based on urease-encapsulated metal–organic framework for sensitive detection of foodborne pathogen with pH meter as a readout

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Abstract

The potential of enzyme-encapsulated metal–organic framework (MOF) as an antibody label for the construction of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is demonstrated. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90) was employed as a MOF model to load urease and pig immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody. This leads to the production of U@ZIF-90/IgG composite, in which urease was encapsulated in ZIF-90 to form U@ZIF-90 for amplifying the detection signal, while IgG was anchored on the surface of U@ZIF-90 for specifically recognizing Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Benefiting from the unique porous structure of ZIF-90, the U@ZIF-90 not only allows urease to be encapsulated with an ultrahigh loading efficiency, but also shields the loaded urease against harsh environments. The U@ZIF-90 shows a threefold higher catalytic activity than free urease due to the confinement effect. These findings lead to an ELISA with greatly enhanced sensitivity for S. aureus detection. By using a portable pH meter as a readout, the ELISA has a linear response that covers 10 to 109 CFU/mL S. aureus with a detection limit of 1.96 CFU/mL and exhibits high selectivity over other bacteria. The successful determination of S. aureus in milk samples demonstrates the applicability of the ELISA in a complex biological matrix.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22064011), the Scientific and Technological Innovation Talent Plan of Hunan Province (2021RC1015), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20202ACB205003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Study and Utilization of Ethnic Medicinal Plant Resources, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua, 418000, People’s Republic of China

    Shenghua Li, Heqi Xie, Qin Yi & Hongliang Tan

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, People’s Republic of China

    Fomei Xie & Hongliang Tan

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  1. Shenghua Li
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  2. Heqi Xie
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  3. Fomei Xie
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Li, S., Xie, H., Xie, F. et al. Immunoassay based on urease-encapsulated metal–organic framework for sensitive detection of foodborne pathogen with pH meter as a readout. Microchim Acta 189, 358 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05462-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05462-8

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