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Electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for the lung cancer biomarker CYFRA21-1 using MoOx quantum dots

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Abstract

Molybdenum oxide quantum dots (MoOx QDs) were synthesized by a one-pot method and used as a versatile probe in an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) immunoassay of the non-small cell lung cancer biomarker cytokeratin 19 fragment 21–1 (CYFRA21-1) as a model analyte. The MoOx QDs exhibited stable and strong cathodic green ECL, with an emission peak at 535 nm, in the presence of K2S2O8 within the potential range of −2.0 to 0 V. On exposure to CYFRA21-1, the ECL decreases because of the immunoreaction between CYFRA21-1 and its antibody which generates a barrier for electron transfer. The determination of CYFRA21-1 with favorable analytical performances was successfully realized under the optimal conditions. ECL decreases linearly in the 1 pg mL−1 to 350 ng mL−1 CYFRA21-1 concentration range, and the detection is as low as 0.3 pg mL−1. Excellent recoveries from CYFRA21-1-spiked human serum indicate that the assay can be operated under physiological conditions.

Schematic representation of the fabrication of molybdenum oxide quantum dots (MoOx QDs) and the electrochemiluminescent (ECL) immunoassay based on the use of the MoOx QDs ECL probe for cytokeratin 19 fragment 21–1 (CYFRA21-1).

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21874020, 21405015), Fujian Province Health Commission Young and Middle-Aged Talent training project (2018-ZQN-62), Fujian Province Young Talent Supporting Project (2019B016), Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province (2016Y9056, 2016Y9054), the Science and Technology Project of Fujian Province (2018 L3008), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2016BL19), and Program for Fujian Top-notch Innovative Personnel.

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  1. Xiangying Meng and Xiao Chen contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China

    Xiangying Meng, Weihua Wu, Wei Zheng, Haohua Deng, Luyao Xu, Wei Chen, Zhulai Li & Huaping Peng

  2. Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China

    Xiangying Meng

  3. Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China

    Xiao Chen

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  1. Xiangying Meng
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Correspondence to Wei Chen, Zhulai Li or Huaping Peng.

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Meng, X., Chen, X., Wu, W. et al. Electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for the lung cancer biomarker CYFRA21-1 using MoOx quantum dots. Microchim Acta 186, 855 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3917-4

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