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Preparation of electro-reduced graphene oxide supported walnut shape nickel nanostructures, and their application to selective detection of dopamine

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Abstract

A selective and sensitive method is reported for the detection of dopamine (DA) by using electro-reduced graphene oxide (er-GO) supported walnut shape nickel nanocomposite (er-GO-Ni) modified glassy carbon electrode. The surface morphological characterizations reveal that the Ni nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed on the er-GO nanosheets. Subsequently the electrochemical study shows an excellent selectivity, reproducibility, low detection limit (10 ± 0.03 nM), high sensitivity (23.3 nA·μM−1), and reasonably wide linear range (0.05–50 μM) for the detection of DA at +0.1 V vs SCE. The selectivity for DA over ascorbic acid and uric acid is attributed to the charge-based discrimination of the modified electrode. An excellent correspondence of calculated and reported rate constant for the DA oxidation is also obtained by hydrodynamic experiments using a rotating disk electrode.

Selective detection of dopamine is demonstrated and assumed to be due to (i) a Nafion film coating, (ii) repulsive electrostatic interaction with the negative charge on residual oxygen functionality of electro-reduced graphene oxide (er-GO), and (iii) the presence of oxide or hydroxide Ni species during deposition of sample.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks to Dr. Vijayamohanan K. Pillai, Director, CSIR-CECRI for his continuous support and encouragement. S K Jha thanks to the DST, India for financial assistance through SERC Fast Track Scheme No. SR/FT/CS-103/2011 and IHP0071. The support from the Central Instrumental Facility (CIF) of CSIR-CECRI, Karaikudi, especially from Mr. A. Rathishkumar (TEM in-charge, CIF) and Mr. J. Kennedy (XPS in-charge, CIF) are greatly acknowledged.

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  1. CSIR – Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 006, India

    M. Kaleesh Kumar, R. K. Vishnu Prataap, S. Mohan & Shailendra K. Jha

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  1. M. Kaleesh Kumar
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  2. R. K. Vishnu Prataap
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  4. Shailendra K. Jha
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Correspondence to Shailendra K. Jha.

Electronic supplementary materials

Supporting Information: Details of electro-reduction of graphene oxide, Raman spectrum of graphene oxide (GO), electro-reduced graphene oxide (er-GO), and XPS study of er-GO-Ni composites are included here.

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Kumar, M.K., Prataap, R.K.V., Mohan, S. et al. Preparation of electro-reduced graphene oxide supported walnut shape nickel nanostructures, and their application to selective detection of dopamine. Microchim Acta 183, 1759–1768 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1806-7

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