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Potentiometric sulfite biosensor based on entrapment of sulfite oxidase in a polypyrrole film on a platinum electrode modified with platinum nanoparticles

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Abstract

The surface of a platinum electrode has been modified with platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and the enzyme sulfite oxidase (SOx), was entrapped on its surface in an ultrathin polypyrrole (PPy) film. The PtNPs, with a diameter of 30–40 nm, were deposited on the Pt electrode by cycling the electrode potential 20 times from -200 to 200 mV at a sweep rate of 50 mV.s-1. Morphological evidence of the successful incorporation of SOx and the presence of PtNPs were obtained by scanning electron microscopy. Also, the electrochemical behavior of the PtNPs/PPy-SOx film was examined by cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiometry. Under optimized conditions, the biosensor achieved a sensitivity of 57.5 mV.decade-1, a linear response that extends from 0.75 to 65 μM of sulfite, a detection limit of 12.4 nM, and a response time of 3–5 s. The biosensor was successfully applied to the determination of sulfite in wine and beer samples.

SEM images of (a) deposited platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) on Pt electrode, (b,c) entrapment of sulfite oxidase (SOx) in polypyrrole (PPy) film on PtNPs at different magnifications, (d,e) PPy-SOx film grown without PtNPs at different magnifications, and (f) cross-section used to measure thickness.

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Acknowledgment

Shahid Hussain is grateful to Monash University for providing Monash Graduate Scholarship (MGS)/International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (IPRS) to support this research. The assistance provided by Dr. Xi-Ya Fang with Scanning Electron Microscopy measurement is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NanoScience and Sensor Technology Research Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Samuel B. Adeloju & Shahid Hussain

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  1. Samuel B. Adeloju
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  2. Shahid Hussain
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Correspondence to Samuel B. Adeloju.

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Adeloju, S., Hussain, S. Potentiometric sulfite biosensor based on entrapment of sulfite oxidase in a polypyrrole film on a platinum electrode modified with platinum nanoparticles. Microchim Acta 183, 1341–1350 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1748-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1748-0

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