Abstract
This paper presents a novel 3D printing technology for synthetic hard rock based on self-developed 3D printing equipment and a systematic 3D printing method. The 3D printing equipment adopts a wet-material extrusion deposition moulding (WEDM) process and consists of a frame structure, feeding subsystem and control module. Aiming at the characteristics of wet similar materials of rock, the feeding subsystem was designed based on pneumatic actuation-spiral control, which could realize the printing of multicomponent and multiparticle materials. A systematic 3D printing method considering similarity theory was established to achieve the printing of synthetic hard rock with different physical and mechanical properties. Using the aforementioned 3D printing equipment and method, the 3D printing of synthetic hard rock was successfully performed. The results show that the printability of similar materials of rock might be controlled to achieve a reasonable initial setting time, extrudability and certain self-supporting ability by adding a set retarder and water-retaining agent. The mechanical performance and failure patterns of the printed samples were conveniently controlled by adjusting the proportion of the components in the similar materials. The quantitative similarity evaluation of mechanical parameters between the printed samples and Jinping marble was performed based on similarity theory, and the optimal mix proportion for simulating Jinping marble was obtained. Compared with other 3D printing technologies for rock mechanics with WEDM, the surface microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the printed samples are more similar to those of natural rock. These research results can be used to expand the application of 3D printing technology in rock mechanics.
Highlights
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Sample-scale 3D printing equipment was independently developed based on WEDM process.
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A systematic 3D printing method for synthetic hard rock was established.
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The 3D printing of synthetic hard rock is successfully completed.
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Acknowledgements
The authors sincerely acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51839003, the 111 Project under Grant No. B17009 and the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program under Grant No. XLYCYSZX1902. The authors are grateful to Dr. Yanhua Gong, Dr. Meizhu Zhang, Dr. Guoqiang Zhu, and Mr. Qiang Han and for their valuable assistance. The authors would also like to thank the journal editors and anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions.
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Mei, S., Feng, XT., Li, Z. et al. A Novel 3D Printing Technology for Synthetic Hard Rock and the Fabrication of Jinping Marble. Rock Mech Rock Eng 55, 7695–7714 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-03054-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-03054-9