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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi affect both penetration and further life stage development of root-knot nematodes in tomato

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Abstract

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita poses a worldwide threat to agriculture, with an increasing demand for alternative control options since most common nematicides are being withdrawn due to environmental concerns. The biocontrol potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) against plant-parasitic nematodes has been demonstrated, but the modes of action remain to be unraveled. In this study, M. incognita penetration of second-stage juveniles at 4, 8 and 12 days after inoculation was compared in tomato roots (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Marmande) pre-colonized or not by the AMF Glomus mosseae. Further life stage development of the juveniles was also observed in both control and mycorrhizal roots at 12 days, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after inoculation by means of acid fuchsin staining. Penetration was significantly lower in mycorrhizal roots, with a reduction up to 32%. Significantly lower numbers of third- and fourth-stage juveniles and females accumulated in mycorrhizal roots, at a slower rate than in control roots. The results show for the first time that G. mosseae continuously suppresses root-knot nematodes throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration and subsequent life stage development.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a specialization grant from the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen) to C. Vos and a VLIR-UDC grant from the Belgian Government to R. Mkandawire.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven (K.U. Leuven), Kasteelpark Arenberg 13, 3001, Leuven, Belgium

    Christine Vos, Katleen Geerinckx, Rachel Mkandawire, Bart Panis & Dirk De Waele

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Dirk De Waele & Annemie Elsen

  3. Bodemkundige Dienst van België, Willem de Croylaan 48, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium

    Annemie Elsen

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  1. Christine Vos
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  2. Katleen Geerinckx
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  3. Rachel Mkandawire
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  4. Bart Panis
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  5. Dirk De Waele
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  6. Annemie Elsen
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Correspondence to Christine Vos.

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Vos, C., Geerinckx, K., Mkandawire, R. et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi affect both penetration and further life stage development of root-knot nematodes in tomato. Mycorrhiza 22, 157–163 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-011-0422-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-011-0422-y

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