Abstract
Optimizing a pumping system in the wastewater treatment process by improving its operational schedules is presented. The energy consumption and outflow rate of the pumping system are modeled by a data-driven approach. A mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model containing data-driven components and pump operational constraints is developed to minimize the energy consumption of the pumping system while maintaining the required pumping workload. A greedy electromagnetism-like (GEM) algorithm is designed to solve the MINLP model for optimized operational schedules and pump speeds. Three computational cases are studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed data-driven modeling and GEM algorithm. The computational results show that significant energy saving can be obtained.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barán B, von Lücken C, Sotelo A (2005) Multi-objective pump scheduling optimisation using evolutionary strategies. Adv Eng Softw 36(1):39–47
Birbil S, Fang S (2003) An electromagnetism-like mechanism for global optimization. J Glob Optim 25(3):263–282
Chaudhuri B, Bhattacharya U (2000) Efficient training and improved performance of multilayer perceptron in pattern classification. Neurocomputing 34(1–4):11–27
Chetouani Y (2008) A neural network approach for the real-time detection of faults. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 22(3):339–349
Choudhary AK, Harding JA, Tiwari MK (2009) Data mining in manufacturing: a review based on the kind of knowledge. J Intell Manuf 20(5):501–521
EPA (2009) Clean energy opportunities in water & wastewater treatment facilities background and resources, EPA’s clean energy-environment tech forum. http://epa.gov/statelocalclimate/documents/pdf/background_paper_wastewater_1-15-2009.pdf
Davis L (1991) Handbook of genetic algorithms, vol 115. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
Du Z, Jin X, Yang Y (2009) Fault diagnosis for temperature, flow rate and pressure sensors in VAV systems using wavelet neural network. Appl Energy 86(9):1624–1631
Geem Z, Kim J, Loganathan G (2001) A new heuristic optimization algorithm: harmony search. Simulation 76(2):60–68
Goffe William L, Ferrier Gary D, Rogers John (1994) Global optimization of statistical functions with simulated annealing. J Econom 60(1):65–99
Hao RX, Liu F, Ren HQ, Cheng SY (2013) Study on a comprehensive evaluation method for the assessment of the operational efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 27(3):747–756
Hernandez-Sancho F, Molinos-Senante M, Sala-Garrido R (2011) Cost modeling for wastewater treatment processes. Desalination 268(1):1–5
Kan G, Yao C, Li Q, Li Z, Yu Z, Liu Z, Ding L, He X, Liang K (2015) Improving event-based rainfall-runoff simulation using an ensemble artificial neural network based hybrid data-driven model. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 29:1–26
Kennedy J (2010) Particle swarm optimization. In: Sammut C, Webb GI (eds) Encyclopedia of machine learning. Springer, New York
Kusiak A, Wei X (2013) Optimization of the activated sludge process. ASCE J Energy Eng 139(1):12–17
Kusiak A, Verma A, Wei X (2012) Wind turbine frontier from SCADA. Wind Syst Mag 3(9):36–39
Kusiak A, Zeng Y, Zhang Z (2013a) Modeling and analysis of pumps in a wastewater treatment plant: a data-mining approach. Eng Appl Artif Intell 26(7):1643–1651
Kusiak A, Zeng Y, Xu G (2013b) Minimizing energy consumption of an air handling unit with a computational intelligence approach. Energy Build 60:355–363
Lansey K, Awumah K (1994) Optimal pump operations considering pump switches. J Water Resour Plan Manag 120(1):17–35
Li YP, Huang GH (2012) A recourse-based nonlinear programming model for stream water quality management. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 26:207–223
Li H, Li Y, Huang G, Xie Y (2012) A simulation-based optimization approach for water quality management of Xiangxihe River under uncertainty. Environ Eng Sci 29(4):270–283
Lian K, Zhang C, Shao X, Zeng Y (2011) A multi-dimensional tabu search algorithm for the optimization of process planning. Sci China Technol Sci 54(12):3211–3219
Magatão L, Arruda LVR, Neves F (2004) A mixed integer programming approach for scheduling commodities in a pipeline. Comput Chem Eng 28(1–2):171–185
Naderi B, Tavakkoli-Moghaddam R, Khalili M (2010) Electromagnetism-like mechanism and simulated annealing algorithms for flowshop scheduling problems minimizing the total weighted tardiness and makespan. Knowl Based Syst 23(2):77–85
Ormsbee LE, Lansey KE (1994) Optimal control of water supply pumping systems. J Water Resour Plann Manag 120(2):237–252
Paleologos EK, Skitzi I, Katsifarakis K, Darivianakis N (2013) Neural network simulation of spring flow in karst environments. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 27(8):1829–1837
Rocha A, Fernandes E (2008) Feasibility and dominance rules in the electromagnetism-like algorithm for constrained global optimization. In: Gervasi O (ed) Computational science and its applications–ICCSA 2008. Springer, New York, pp 768–783
Tang F, Kusiak A, Wei X (2014) Modeling and short-term prediction of HVAC system with a clustering algorithm. Energy Build 82(1):310–321
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2006) Wastewater Management Fact Sheet
Wang JY, Chang TP, Chen JS (2009) An enhanced genetic algorithm for bi-objective pump scheduling in water supply. Expert Syst Appl 36(7):10249–10258
Wei X, Kusiak A (2015) Short-term prediction of influent flow in wastewater treatment plant. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 29:241–249
Wei X, Kusiak A, Sadat HR (2012) Prediction of influent flow rate: data-mining approach. J Energy Eng 139(2):118–123
Wei X, Kusiak A, Li M, Tang F, Zeng Y (2015) Multi-objective optimization of the HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) system performance. Energy 83(1):294–306
William MP, Deems AB, Larry JS (1983) A management approach to energy cost control in wastewater utilities. J Water Pollut Control Fed 55(10):1239–1243
Wu P, Yang W, Wei N (2004) An electromagnetism algorithm of neural network analysis—An application to textile retail operation. J Chin Inst Ind Eng 21(1):59–67
Yang X, Gandomi A (2012) Bat algorithm: a novel approach for global engineering optimization. Eng Comput 29(5):464–483
Yurtkuran A, Emel E (2010) A new hybrid electromagnetism-like algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problems. Expert Syst Appl 37(4):3427–3433
Zeng Y (2012) Modeling and optimization of industrial systems: data mining and computational intelligence approach. MSc thesis, The University of Iowa, Iowa City
Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Kusiak A (2015) Predictive modeling and optimization of a multi-zone HVAC system with data mining and firefly algorithms. Energy. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.045
Zhang Z, Kusiak A (2011) Models for optimization of energy consumption of pumps in a wastewater processing plant. J Energy Eng 137(4):159–168
Zhang Z, Zeng Y, Kusiak A (2012) Minimizing pump energy in a wastewater processing plant. Energy 47(1):505–514
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by funding from the Iowa Energy Center, Grant No. 10-1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Appendix
Appendix
See Table 4.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zeng, Y., Zhang, Z., Kusiak, A. et al. Optimizing wastewater pumping system with data-driven models and a greedy electromagnetism-like algorithm. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 30, 1263–1275 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-015-1115-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-015-1115-4