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Leishmanicidal activities of biosynthesized BaCO3 (witherite) nanoparticles and their biocompatibility with macrophages

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Abstract

The aim of this study was cost-effective and greener synthesis of barium carbonate (BaCO3 or witherite) nanoparticles with economic importance, and to evaluate their therapeutic potentials and biocompatibility with immune cells. Barium carbonate nanoparticles were biosynthesized using black elderberry extract in one step with non-toxic precursors and simple laboratory conditions; their morphologies and specific structures were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX). The therapeutic capabilities of these nanoparticles on the immune cells of murine macrophages J774 and promastigotes Leishmania tropica were evaluated. BaCO3 nanoparticles with IC50 = 46.6 µg/mL were more effective than negative control and glucantium (positive control) in reducing promastigotes (P < 0.01). Additionally, these nanoparticles with a high value of cytotoxicity concentration 50% (CC50) were less toxic to macrophage cells than glucantime; however, they were significantly different at high concentrations compared to the negative control.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Shahid Beheshti and Bam University of Medical Sciences and, the VEGA Agency under the Contract no. 2/0140/20. Electron microscopy at the Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry was supported through grants 17-05007S (Czech Science Foundation) and POLYMAT LO1507 (Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the CR, program NPU I).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran

    Nooshin Hashemi, Farideh Mousazadeh, Sadegh Rahi, Samaneh Darijani, Niloofar Zafarnia & Mehrdad Khatami

  2. School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran

    Nooshin Hashemi & Hakimeh Khalili

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

    Hajar Q. Alijani

  4. Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Fatemeh Sharifi

  5. Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Siavash Iravani

  6. Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Fariba Borhani

  7. Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Mehrdad Khatami

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  1. Nooshin Hashemi
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Hashemi, N., Alijani, H.Q., Mousazadeh, F. et al. Leishmanicidal activities of biosynthesized BaCO3 (witherite) nanoparticles and their biocompatibility with macrophages. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 44, 1957–1964 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-021-02576-w

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