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Involvement of growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I system in cranial remodeling during halibut metamorphosis as indicated by tissue- and stage-specific receptor gene expression and the presence of growth hormone receptor protein

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Abstract

The role of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the tissue remodeling associated with the transition of a symmetrical larva to an asymmetrical juvenile during flatfish metamorphosis is unknown. In order to investigate the potential role of these hormones in the remodeling of cranial bone and soft tissue that accompanies eye migration during metamorphosis of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) larvae, tissue-specific gene expression was monitored by in situ hybridization for Atlantic halibut type I growth hormone receptor (hhGHR), type II hhGHR, and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (hhIGF-IR). Polyclonal antibody generated against the extracellular domain of type I hhGHR was used for the immunohistochemical localization of type I GHR protein. Type I hhGHR, type II hhGHR, and hhIGF-IR mRNA were expressed in fibroblasts, frontal bone osteocytes, and dorsal chondrocytes at the onset of metamorphosis (stage 8), during metamorphic climax (stage 9), and in fully metamorphosed juveniles (stage 10). Type I GHR protein showed similar expression patterns to those of type I hhGHR mRNA, except in chondrocytes in which little GHR protein was detected. The localization of GHR and IGF-IR transcripts and GHR protein in cranial structures that undergo remodeling is intriguing and suggests that, in addition to thyroid hormones, the GH-IGF-I system is involved in morphological transformations during metamorphosis in Atlantic halibut.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Heiddis Smáradóttir, Arnar Jónsson, and Øystein Saele for larval sampling, and Nádia Silva for methodological assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology/Zoophysiology, Göteborg University, Box 436, S-40530, Göteborg, Sweden

    Jon Hildahl, Björn Thrandur Björnsson & Ingibjörg Eir Einarsdóttir

  2. Centro de Ciências de MAR, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal

    Deborah M. Power

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  1. Jon Hildahl
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  2. Deborah M. Power
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Correspondence to Jon Hildahl.

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This work was carried out within the project “Arrested development: the molecular and endocrine basis of flatfish metamorphosis” (Q5RS-2002-01192) with financial support from the Commission of the European Communities. However, it does not necessarily reflect the Commission’s views and in no way anticipates its future policy in this area. This project was further supported by the Swedish Council for Agricultural and Forestry Research (FORMAS) and the Helge Ax:son Johnsons Foundation.

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Hildahl, J., Power, D.M., Björnsson, B.T. et al. Involvement of growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I system in cranial remodeling during halibut metamorphosis as indicated by tissue- and stage-specific receptor gene expression and the presence of growth hormone receptor protein. Cell Tissue Res 332, 211–225 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-007-0568-2

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