Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Potential mosquito (Diptera:Culicidae) vector of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis in urban areas of Eastern Slovakia

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Parasitology Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper follows the study from 2013 focused on the molecular screening of mosquitoes as vectors of Dirofilaria spp. which provided the information on Aedes vexans as a potential vector of Dirofilaria repens in Slovakia. Current entomological and molecular research indicates that Ae. vexans can participate also in the transmission of Dirofilaria immitis within the region. Using the standard PCR method, we examined 10,500 mosquitoes (Ae. vexans, Ae. rossicus, Anopheles maculipennis s.l., Ochlerotatus sticticus, Ochlerotatus cantans, Ochlerotatus caspius, Culex pipiens/Culex torrentium, Coquillettidia richiardii), collected using CO2-baited traps at six locations in the Eastern Slovakia. Out of 105 pools, 6 pools of mosquitoes Ae. vexans were positive for D. repens DNA (minimum infective rate in Ae. vexas was 6:6.900, i.e. 0.8 per 1.000 mosquitoes), within which 4 were concurrently positive for D. immitis (minimum infective rate in Ae. vexans was 4:6.900 i.e. 0.5 per 1.000 mosquitoes).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Becker N, Petric D, Zgomba M, Boase C, Madon M, Dahl CH, Kaiser A (2010) Mosquitoes and their control, 2nd edn. Springer, Heidelberg

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bocková E (2013) Species composition of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) vectors of pathogenic agents in selected locations in eastern Slovakia in due to a changing climate. Dissertation, University of Veterinary medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Slovakia [In Slovak]

  • Bocková E, Kočišová A (2011) Species composition of mosquitoes (Culicidae) in Bodrog and Hornád River-basins. Folia Vet 55:45–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Bocková E, Kočišová A, Hurníková Z, Miterpáková M, Rudolf I, Iglódyová A (2013a) First finding of Dirofilaria repens in a population of Aedes vexans in Slovakia. Veterinarstvi 6:418–422 [Article in Slovak]

    Google Scholar 

  • Bocková E, Kočišová A, Letková V (2013b) First record of Aedes albopictus in Slovakia. Acta Parasitol 58(Suppl 4):603–606

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bocková E, Rudolf I, Kočišová A, Betášová L, Venclíková K, Mendel J, Hubálek Z (2013c) Dirofilaria repens microfilariae in Aedes vexans mosquitoes in Slovakia. Parasitol Res 112:3465–3470

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cancrini G, Pietrobelli M, Frangipane di Regalbono A, Ampieri MP, Della Torre A (1995) Development of Dirofilaria and Setaria nematodes in Aedes albopictus. Parassitologia 37:141–145

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cielecka D, Źarnowska-Prymek H, Masny A, Salamatin R, Wesolowska M, Golab E (2012) Human dirofilariosis in Poland: the first cases of autochthonous infections with Dirofilaria repens. Ann Agric Environ Med 19:445–450

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Demiaszkiewicz AW, Polańczyk G, Pyziel AM, Kuligowska I, Lachowicz J (2009) The first foci of dirofilariosis of dogs evoked by Dirofilaria repens Railliet et Henry, 1911 in central Poland. Wiad Parazytol 55:367–370 [Article in Polish]

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duscher G, Feiler A, Wille-Piazai W, Bakonyi T, Leschnik M, Miterpáková M, Kolodziejek J, Nowotny N, Joachim A (2009) Detection of Dirofilaria in Austrian dogs. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 122:199–203 [Article in German]

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fok É (2007) The importance of dirofilariosis in carnivores and humans in Hungary, past and present. In: Genchi C, Rinaldi L, Cringoli G. (Eds): Proceeding of the First European Dirofilaria Days, Zagreb 2007:181–188

  • Hurníková Z, Miterpáková M (2008) The wild carnivores as potential reservoir of filarias transmitting by vector. Proceeding of III. International Science conference Infectious and Parasitic diseases of animals, Košice, Slovakia, 2008 p. 178–179 [In Slovak]

  • Hurníková Z, Miterpáková M, Dubinský P (2010) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) as an indicator of the impact of global change on the occurrence of parasitic zoonoses in the ecological conditions of the Eastern lowlands. Proceeding of IX. Slovak and Czech parasitological Days Liptovský Ján, Slovakia, 2010 p. 35 [In Slovak]

  • Iglodyová A (2014) Circulation of blood filariasis carnivores in the ecological conditions of Slovakia. Dissertation. University of Veterinary medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Slovakia [In Slovak]

  • Iglodyová A, Miterpáková M, Hurníková Z, Antolová D, Dubinský P, Letková V (2012) Canine dirofilariosis under specific environmental conditions of the Eastern Slovak Lowland. Ann Agric Environ Med 19:57–60

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacsó O (2009) First autochthonous Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) infection in a dog in Hungary. Helminthologia 46:159–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klintebjerg K, Petersen E, Pshenichnaya NY, Ermakova LA, Nagorny SA, Larsen CS (2015) Periorbital Dirofilaria repens imported to Denmark: a human case report. IDCases 2:25–26. doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2014.12.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kramař J (1958) Biting mosquitoes-Culicinae, 1st edn. Fauna ČSR, Praha

    Google Scholar 

  • Kronefeld M, Kampen H, Sassnau R, Werner D (2014) Molecular evidence for the occurrence of Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens and Setaria tundra in mosquitoes from Germany. Parasit Vectors 7:30

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Latrofa MS, Montarsi F, Ciocchetta S, Annoscia G, Dantas-Torres F, Ravagnan S, Capelli G, Otrando D (2012) Molecular xenomonitoring of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in mosquitoes from north-eastern Italy by real-time PCR coupled with melting analysis. Parasit Vectors 5:76–82

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lecová L (2011) Epizootology and diagnostic methods of Dirofilaria spp. in carnivores from Slovakia. Dissertation. University of Veterinary medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Slovakia [In Slovak]

  • Masny A, Lewin T, Salamatin R, Gołab E (2011) The first report on detection of canine Acantocheilonema reconditum in Poland and the associated diagnostic problems. Pol J Vet Sci 14:485–487

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Masny A, Gołąb E, Cielecka D, Sałamatin R (2013) Vector-borne helminths of dogs and humans—focus on central and eastern parts of Europe. Parasit Vectors 6:38

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Minář J, Halgoš J, Bartalová A, Jalili N (2007) Current climatic change and its impact on mosquito fauna in conditions of Slovakia and Czech republic. Acta Zool Univ Comenianae 47(Suppl 2):177–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Miterpáková M, Antolová D, Hurníková Z, Dubinský P (2008) Dirofilariosis in Slovakia—a new endemic area in Central Europe. Helminthologia 45:20–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ondriska F, Lengyel D, Lengyelová B, Miterpáková M, Strehárová A, Dubinský P (2010) Human dirofilariosis in the Slovak Republic—a case report. Ann Agric Environ Med 17:169–171

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ondriska F, Forgáč O, Hrčková G, Pavlovičová G, Miterpáková M, Boldiš V (2014) Human ocular dirofilariosis in Slovakia, a case report. Helminthologia 51:246–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rishniw M, Barr SC, Simpson KW, Frongillo M, Franz M, Dominquez Alpizar JL (2006) Discrimination between six species of canine microfilariae by a single polymerase chain reaction. Vet Parasitol 135:303–314

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rudolf I, Šebesta O, Mendel J, Betášová L, Bocková E, Jedličková P, Venclíková K, Blažejová H, Šikutová S, Hubálek Z (2014) Zoonotic Dirofilaria repens (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in Aedes vexans mosquitoes, Czech Republic. Parasitol Res 113(Suppl 12):4663–4667

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saevik BK, Jörundsson E, Stachurska-Hagen T, Tysnes K, Brun-Hansen H, Wikström HC, Robertson LJ (2014) Dirofilaria repens infection in a dog imported to Norway. Acta Vet Scand 56:6

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sassnau R, Czajka C, Kronefeld M, Werner D, Genchi C, Tannich E, Kampen H (2014) Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis DNA findings in mosquitoes in Germany: temperature data allow autochthonous extrinsic development. Parasitol Res 113(Suppl 8):3057–3061

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (2011) Flood situation in eastern Slovakia in winter 2010/2011. Povodn_situacia_toky_vychod_Slov_v_zime_2010-2011.pdf. p 7–13. 2012.04.10 http://www.shmu.sk/File/HIPS/

  • Strelková L, Halgoš J (2012) Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Morava River floodplain, Slovakia. Cent Eur J Biol 7:917–926

    Google Scholar 

  • Svobodová Z (2006) The first report of authochthonous dirofilariosis in dogs in the Czech Republic. Helminthologia 43:242–245

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vezzani D, Carbajo AE (2006) Spatial and temporal transmission risk of Dirofilaria immitis in Argentina. Int J Parasitol 36:463–1472

    Google Scholar 

  • Vezzani D, Mesplet M, Eiras DF, Fontanarrosa MF, Schnittger L (2011) PCR detection of Dirofilaria immitis in Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens from urban temperate Argentina. Parasitol Res 108:985–989

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The research was carried out within the execution of the VEGA Project No. 1/0080/15 (share 0.7), the basic research of the National Referential Laboratory for Pesticides of the University of Veterinary Medicine and execution of the project “Centre of Excellence for Parasitology” (ITMS code: 26220120022) for the support of the operational program for the research and development which is funded by the European Regional Development Fund.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Institute for Parasitology, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic

    Eva Bocková & Alica Kočišová

  2. The Institute of Breeding and Diseases of Game and Fish, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic

    Adriana Iglódyová

Authors
  1. Eva Bocková
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Adriana Iglódyová
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alica Kočišová
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eva Bocková.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bocková, E., Iglódyová, A. & Kočišová, A. Potential mosquito (Diptera:Culicidae) vector of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis in urban areas of Eastern Slovakia. Parasitol Res 114, 4487–4492 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4692-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4692-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation