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Anti-malarial, anti-trypanosomal, and anti-leishmanial activities of jacaranone isolated from Pentacalia desiderabilis (Vell.) Cuatrec. (Asteraceae)

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Abstract

Leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and malaria affect the poorest population around the world, with an elevated mortality and morbidity. In addition, the therapeutic alternatives are usually toxic or ineffective drugs especially those against the trypanosomatids. In the course of selection of new anti-protozoal compounds from Brazilian flora, the CH2Cl2 phase from MeOH extract obtained from the leaves of Pentacalia desiderabilis (Vell.) Cuatrec. (Asteraceae) showed in vitro anti-leishmanial, anti-malarial, and anti-trypanosomal activities. The chromatographic fractionation of the CH2Cl2 phase led to the isolation of the bioactive compound, which was characterized as jacaranone [methyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexandienyl)acetate], by spectroscopic methods. This compound showed activity against promastigotes of Leishmania (L.) chagasi, Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, and Leishmania (L.). amazonensis showing an IC50 of 17.22, 12.93, and 11.86 μg/mL, respectively. Jacaranone was also tested in vitro against the Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant parasites (K1 strain) showing an IC50 of 13 and 7.82 μg/mL, respectively, and was 3.5-fold more effective than benznidazole in anti-Trypanosoma cruzi assay. However, despite of the potential against promatigotes forms, this compound was not effective against amastigotes of L. (L.) chagasi and T. cruzi. The cytotoxicity study using Kidney Rhesus monkey cells, demonstrated that jacaranone showed selectivity against P. falciparum (21.75 μg/mL) and a selectivity index of 3. The obtained results suggested that jacaranone, as other similar secondary metabolites or synthetic analogs, might be useful tolls for drug design for in vivo studies against protozoan diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by grants and fellowships from MACKPESQUISA, CNPq (473405/2008-3 and 477422/2009-8), and FAPESP (06/57626-5 and 08/11496-9). We thank Giovanni Saraceni for Plasmodium culture maintenance and CNPq for the scientific research award to AGT, JHGL, and MJPF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências e Humanidades e Centro de Ciências Biológias e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 01302-907, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Thiago R. Morais, Paulete Romoff, Oriana A. Fávero & Marcelo J. P. Ferreira

  2. Laboratorio de Toxinologia Aplicada a Fármacos Antiparasitarios, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Juliana Q. Reimão, Walkyria C. Lourenço & André G. Tempone

  3. Núcleo de Estudos em Malária, Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Angelica D. Hristov & Silvia M. Di Santi

  4. Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, CEP 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil

    João Henrique G. Lago & Patricia Sartorelli

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  1. Thiago R. Morais
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  2. Paulete Romoff
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  3. Oriana A. Fávero
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  4. Juliana Q. Reimão
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  5. Walkyria C. Lourenço
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  6. André G. Tempone
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  7. Angelica D. Hristov
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  8. Silvia M. Di Santi
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  9. João Henrique G. Lago
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  10. Patricia Sartorelli
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  11. Marcelo J. P. Ferreira
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Correspondence to Marcelo J. P. Ferreira.

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Morais, T.R., Romoff, P., Fávero, O.A. et al. Anti-malarial, anti-trypanosomal, and anti-leishmanial activities of jacaranone isolated from Pentacalia desiderabilis (Vell.) Cuatrec. (Asteraceae). Parasitol Res 110, 95–101 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2454-9

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