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Accumulation and distribution of Zn in the shoots and reproductive structures of the halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya virginica as a function of salinity

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Abstract

Kosteletzkya virginica is a wetland halophyte that is a good candidate for rehabilitation of degraded salt marshes and production of oil as biodiesel. Salt marshes are frequently contaminated by heavy metals. The distribution of Zn in vegetative and reproductive organs of adult plants, and the NaCl influence on this distribution remain unknown and were thus explored in the present study. Plants were cultivated in a nutrient film technique system, from seedling stage until seed maturation in a control, Zn (100 μM), NaCl (50 mM) or Zn + NaCl medium. Photosynthesis, ion nutrition, malondialdehyde and non-protein thiol concentrations were quantified. Zinc distribution in reproductive organs was estimated by a laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry procedure (LA-ICP-MS). Adult plants accumulated up to 2 mg g−1 DW Zn in the shoots. Zinc reduced plant growth, inhibited photosynthesis and reduced seed yield. Zinc accumulation in the seeds was only two times higher in Zn-treated plants than in controls. Exogenous NaCl neutralized the damaging action of Zn and modified the Zn distribution through a preferential accumulation of toxic ions in older leaves. Zinc was present in seed testa, endosperm and, to a lower extent, in embryo. Additional NaCl induced a chalazal retention of Zn during seed maturation and reduced final Zn seed content. It is concluded that NaCl 50 mM had a positive impact on the response of K. virginica to Zn toxicity and acts through a modification in Zn distribution rather than a decrease in Zn absorption.

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Abbreviations

A :

Net carbon assimilation rate

BP:

Basal part of the plant

E :

Instantaneous transpiration

F 0 :

Minimal fluorescence level

F m :

Maximal fluorescence level

FP:

Mean number of flowers per plant

g s :

Stomatal conductance

LA-ICP-MS:

Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

LN:

Number of leaves

LR:

Mean length of the ramifications

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NR:

Number of ramifications

NFT:

Nutrient film technique

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

PSII:

Photosystem II

qP:

Photochemical quenching coefficient

SL:

Mean length of the main stem

UP:

Upper part of the plant

ΦPSII:

Actual PSII efficiency

Ψ w :

Leaf water potential

Ψ s :

Osmotic potential

WC:

Water content

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Belgian Science Policy (BELSPO): Chinese-Belgian Cooperation Project [200441505], by the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (Crédit aux Chercheurs—Conventions no 1.5.111.10F, 1.5117.11), and by Wallonie-Bruxelles-International (Convention mixte: WBI—République de Slovénie). R.-M. Han is grateful to the Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) for the award of a research fellowship. The authors are grateful to Mr B. Capelle and Mrs B. Van Pee for their precious technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy (ELI-A), Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (bte 7.07.13) Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    Ruiming Han, Muriel Quinet, Emilie André, Florence Destrebecq, Guangling Cui, Isabelle Lefèvre & Stanley Lutts

  2. National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Johannes Teun van Elteren & Marta Debeljak

  3. Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Katarina Vogel-Mikuš

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  1. Ruiming Han
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  2. Muriel Quinet
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Correspondence to Stanley Lutts.

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Han, R., Quinet, M., André, E. et al. Accumulation and distribution of Zn in the shoots and reproductive structures of the halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya virginica as a function of salinity. Planta 238, 441–457 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-013-1903-3

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