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Endurance training accelerates exhaustive exercise-induced mitochondrial DNA deletion and apoptosis of left ventricle myocardium in rats

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Abstract

Even though exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress increases the risk of tissue damage, regular endurance training is widely assumed to improve cardiac function and protects against heart disease. We tested the hypothesis that an endurance training program prevents exhaustive exercise-induced increases in cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis in left ventricle (LV). Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control (C), trained (T), exhaustively exercised (E), and trained plus exhaustively exercised (TE). Rats in T and TE groups ran on a motorized treadmill for 12 weeks. Rats in groups E and TE performed an exhaustive running test on a treadmill. The main effects of training were indicated by increased running time to exhaustion (80 ± 5 and 151 ± 13 min for groups E and TE, respectively, P = 0.0001), myocardial hypertrophy (0.38% and 0.47% for untrained and trained rats, respectively, P = 0.0002), decreased LV ejection fraction (88% and 71% for untrained and trained rats, respectively, P < 0.0001), accelerated mitochondrial DNA 4834-bp large deletion (mtDNA4834 deletion), and up-regulated protein levels of heat shock protein-70, cytochrome C, cleaved capsase-3, and cleaved PARP in LV following a bout of exhaustive exercise. Contrary to our hypothesis, these results suggest that endurance training induced significant impairment of regional systolic and diastolic LV myocardial function and ejection fraction in rats. Our findings show that endurance training accelerates exhaustive exercise-induced mtDNA4834 deletion and apoptosis in the LV.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC-96-2413-H-029-003 and NSC-97-2410-H029-037-MY2). We thank Drs. Ming-Dar Tsa (Department of Neurological Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital) and Shiow-Chwen Tsai (Taipei Physical Education College) for their technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC

    Chi-Chang Huang & Chun-Chieh Chen

  2. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC

    Tien-Jen Lin

  3. Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC

    Tien-Jen Lin

  4. Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, No. 181, Sec. 3, Taichung Port Rd., Situn District, Taichung City, 40704, Taiwan, ROC

    Wan-Teng Lin

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  1. Chi-Chang Huang
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Correspondence to Wan-Teng Lin.

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Huang, CC., Lin, TJ., Chen, CC. et al. Endurance training accelerates exhaustive exercise-induced mitochondrial DNA deletion and apoptosis of left ventricle myocardium in rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 107, 697–706 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1177-4

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